Kerala SSLC Class 9 Solutions for biology – Towards a Healthy Life (English Medium)
Page No. 79:
Question 1:
Is there any sense in Kunju’s complaint?
Solution:
No, Kunju is healthy and fit. Hence, there is no sense in Kunju’s complaint.
Question 2:
Is obesity a sign of good health?
Solution:
No, obesity is not a sign of good health. Obesity can result in various health problems or increase the risk of heart problems and also reduce life expectancy.
Question 3:
What do you mean by health?
Solution:
Health is a state of sound physical, mental and social well being.
Question 4:
What are the aspects we should take care of to lead a healthy life?
Solution:
We should take care of the following aspects to lead a healthy life:
- Nutritious food
- Adequate amount of water
- Good hygiene and cleanliness
- Regular exercise
Question 5:
You have already studied about the nutrients present in food. Fill up the table given below.
Solution:
Page No. 80:
Question 1:
Observe the figure. Should all the people shown here take the same type of food and in the same quantity?
Solution:
No, all the people shown here should not take the same type of food and in the same quantity.
The quantity and type of food which a person should take depends on age, growth, gender, body requirement, illness, stress and activity level of that person.
Question 2:
- Who needs more carbohydrate and lipid?
- Who should take more protein?
- What about vitamins and minerals?
- Should pregnant and lactating women take more food? Why?
- What are the factors that determine the quantity and proportion of nutrients required for each person?
Solution:
- In the given figure, the young girl dancing, a man performing the strenuous work of breaking stones and the lactating mother need more energy. Thus, they should consume more carbohydrates and lipids.
- The breastfeeding mother should take more protein.
- Vitamins and minerals should be consumed in adequate quantity by all.
- Yes, pregnant and lactating women should take more food as the mother needs to provide nutrition to the baby as well.
- Age, growth, gender, body requirement, illness, stress and activity level of the person are the factors which determine the quantity and proportion of nutrients required for each person.
Page No. 82:
Question 1:
“One more day elapsed as usual. There was nothing much to do today either. So, I got up only at 8 o’clock in the morning. After the morning ablutions had breakfast, tasty mutton curry and puttu at 9 am! Since it was very tasty, I did not even wait to chew before I swallowed mouthfuls. That’s my habit too. I don’t know how much I ate. Read the newspaper and watched TV for a while. Didn’t feel hungry even at 1 o’clock. However, I did not avoid the lunch with fish and meat. Got up at four in the afternoon after the usual nap. Just had one egg puff and tea and back to the TV. Banana chips are tastier when we watch the TV. I don’t know how much I ate. Nevertheless, I feel uncomfortable. Ate my fill at night. It is 10 o’clock, but not feeling sleepy at all. Yet I am going to sleep.”
- What is your opinion about David’s routine and food habits?
- What are the health problems created by over-eating?
- How do fried food stuffs affect health adversely?
- What changes would you suggest in David’s food habits?
Solution:
- David’s routine is lethargic and sedentary as there is hardly any activity in his routine. His food habits are very unhealthy, as he does not require the amount of food he consumes. Moreover, majority of the food which he consumes has only high calories.
- The most common health problem created by overeating regularly is weight gain resulting in obesity.Other health problems are directly or indirectly linked to obesity. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, respiratory disorders, stroke, increased risk of cancer and coronary heart diseases are the other problems which can be created by overeating.
- Fried foodstuffs contain large amount of fats. These saturated fats result in an increase in cholesterol level of blood. The cholesterol gets deposited in the blood vessels, thus narrowing the path of blood flow. This can result in rise in blood pressure and other heart diseases.
- David should switch to low-calorie food. He should consume more amounts of salads and fruits. He should completely stop eating fried food.
Question 2:
Can you say what the benefits of regular exercise are?
Solution:
Benefits of regular exercise:
- Helps to reduce excess fat
- Helps to relieve stress
- Keeps muscles strong
- Helps to boost energy
Question 3:
What are the types of exercises that you can do at your age?
Solution:
Following exercises can be done during teenage years:
- Running
- Cycling
- Swimming
- Weight lifting
- Body workouts such as pushups or crunches
- Playing sports
Question 4:
What are the other drinks that have a prominent place in our daily life besides water?
Solution:
Drinks which have a prominent place in daily life besides water include
- Soups
- Coconut water
- Tea
- Coffee
- Butter milk
- Lemon juice
- Aerated drinks
- Fruit juices
- Milk
Page No. 84:
Question 1:
What drinks other than these (given in soliloquy) do you use?
Solution:
Other drinks include
- Tea
- Coffee
- Soups
- Fruit juices
- Milk
Question 2:
Of these, which should be avoided? Why?
Solution:
- Tea, coffee and aerated drinks are drinks which should be avoided in daily routine.
- Tea and coffee are intoxicants. They contain caffeine which can result in addiction. Long-term effects of caffeine have also been implicated in causing cancer, ulcers, birth defects and heart diseases.
- Aerated drinks should be avoided as they are said to contain components which can result in the decay of teeth and bones. It can also cause acidity and adversely affect digestion.
Question 3:
Do you think traditional drinks are being neglected in your locality? How desirable is the rush of new drinks into our daily life?
Solution:
Yes, traditional drinks are being neglected in our locality. It is completely disadvantageous that new drinks which have zero nutritive value and high risk of causing ill-health are being rushed into our daily lives. The zero-value drinks are not helpful, but they cause risks such as decay of bones and teeth, ulcers and digestion problems.
Question 4:
Make a list of other diseases that occur due to the deficiency of nutrients.
Solution:
Some diseases which occur due to deficiency of nutrients:
Page No. 85:
Question 1:
What are the factors that influence the well-being of the mind?
Solution:
Factors which influence the well-being of the mind:
- Recreation
- Social enrolment
- Pressure at workplace or school
- Emotional stress
- Physiological stress
- Lack of self-confidence
- Peer pressure
- Abuse, trauma or violence in childhood
- Social isolation
Question 2:
What are the health-related and social problems caused by the use of alcohol, tobacco and use of pan masala?
Solution:
Health-related problems caused by using alcohol, tobacco and pan masala:
- Alcohol leads to liver cirrhosis and the cancer of the alimentary canal.
- Chewing tobacco and pan masala leads to oral cancer.
Social problems caused by using alcohol:
- Alcoholism may result in behavioural problems such as work abuse, child abuse, spouse beating/domestic violence and vulnerability to accidents.
Social problems caused by using tobacco and pan masala:
- Addicted persons may influence friends to fall for the addiction by using peer pressure.
- The mental disturbance because of chewing tobacco may result in disturbance in family.
Page No. 86:
Question 1:
What awareness programme you can conduct for the public against these social evils?
Solution:
Awareness programmes against alcoholism and chewing tobacco and pan masala include
- Organising a poster competition for kids
- Using advertisements and media
- Organising an event for groups of people for counselling and to spread the information on the ill effects of these addictions
Question 2:
How can we keep our bodies healthy?
Solution:
We can keep our body healthy by practising the following:
- Taking nutritious diet in adequate quantities
- Avoiding unhealthy food
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining hygiene standards
- Keeping the surrounding and oneself clean
Question 3:
Complete the work sheet given below.
Solution:
Question 4:
Find out how AIDS spreads.
Solution:
AIDS spreads through the following:
- Sexual contact with an infected person
- From infected mother to the foetus
- From transmission of HIV-infected blood
- By sharing needles and syringes with an infected person
- Tattooing or body piercing with unsterilised needles
Page No. 88:
Question 1:
Observe the figure and answer the following:
- To what problem does the picture point out?
- Do such circumstances exist in your area? If so, find out the causes. Suggest remedies.
- What can you do to help the public in the treatment of waste matter?
Solution:
- The picture points to the problem of improper waste disposal.
- Improper waste disposal occurs in many places because of the following reasons:
Lack of awareness among people regarding waste disposal methods
Lack of proper disposal facilities - Following remedies should be adopted:
Create awareness regarding the ill effects of waste accumulation
Implement strict rules against improper waste disposal
Generate effective waste disposal schemes - Following measures can be adopted for effective waste disposal:
Generate minimal amount of waste
Separate waste which can be recycled
Separate biological waste and use it in a biogas plant or for vermicomposting
Question 2:
Frame a practical definition of health.
Solution:
Health is a state of sound physical, mental and social well-being.