NEET Biology Chapter Wise Mock Test – Cell : The Unit of Life
1. Which of the following is not correct?
(a) Unicellular organisms have independent existence
(b) Antony von Leeuwenhoek first saw and described a live cell
(c) Robert Brown discovered the nucleus
(d) Cell theory was proposed by two British scientists Schleiden and Rudolf Virchow
2. Comparing small and large cells, which statement is correct?
(a) Small cells have a small surface area per volume ratio
(b) Exchange rate of nutrients is fast with large cells
(c) Small cells have a large surface area per volume ratio
(d) Exchange rate of nutrients is slow with small cells
3. Which of the following first explained that new cells are formed from pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula e cellulaf?
(a) Robert Hooke
(b) Robert Brown
(c) Rudolf Virchow
(d) Schleiden
4. Which one of the following is not a constituent of cell membrane?
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Glycolipids
(c) Proline
(d) Phospholipids
5. About 98% of the mass of every living organism is composed of just six elements including carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen,
(a) phosphorus and sulphur
(b) sulphur and magnesium
(c) magnesium and sodium
(d) calcium and phosphorus
6. Which of the following cell organelles are non-membranous and found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
(a) Lysosome
(b) Microbodies
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Vacuoles
7. Which of the following are not membrane bound cell structures?
(a) Mitochondria and chloroplast
(b) Golgi body and ER
(c) Lysosome and vacuole
(d) Centrioies and ribosomes
8. Select the wrong statement from the following.
(a) both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain an inner and an outer membrane
(b) both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment, the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane
(c) both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA
(d) the chloroplasts are generally much larger than mitochondria
9. The incorrect statement is
(a) mycoplasma are larger than bacteria
(b) the largest isolated single cell is the egg of an ostrich
(c) human red blood cells are 7.0 urn in diameter
(d) nerve cells are the longest cells in multicellular animals
10. The stain used to visualise mitochondria is
(a) fast green
(b) safranin
(c) aceto carmne
(d) janus green
11. The correct ascending order with their size is
(a) PPLO < Virus < Bacteria < Plant cell
(b) Virus < PPLO < Bacteria < Plant cell
(c) Plant cell > Virus > Bacteria > PPLO
(d) Bacteria > Plant cell > Virus > PPLO
12. Mesosome is the extension of plasma membrane into the cell. It helps in
(a) cell wall formation
(b) DNA replication
(c) respiration
(d) All of these
13. Match the following columns.
Column I Column II
A. Endoplasmic reticulum 1. Stack of cisternae
B. Spherosome 2. Store oils or fats
C. Dictyosome 3. Synthesis and storage of lipids
D. Peroxisome 4. Photorespiration
E. Elaioplasts 5. Detoxification of drugs
Codes
A B C D E
(a) 5 3 1 4 2
(b) 5 3 2 4 1
(c) 2 3 1 4 5
(d) 4 3 1 5 2
14. Refer the given figure of mitochondrion (LS). Identify the labels (P-T) and select the incorrect statements.
I. Pincrease the inner surface area to hold a variety of enzymes.
II. Q has enzymes for synthesis of fatty acids.
III. R separates the two membranes.
IV. S is completely permeable and forms P.
V. T bears oxysomes or elementary particles.
(a) I, II and III
(b) IV and V
(c) I, III and V
(d) II, III and IV
15. Bacterial cell may be motile or non-motile. The surface structure, which plays major role in motility is
(a) flagellum
(b) pili
(c) fimbriae
(d) All of these
16. Several ribosomes may attach to a single mRNA and form a chain called
(a) polysome or polyribosome
(b) monosome or monoribosome
(c) mesosome or inclusion bodies
(d) cyanophycean granules or gas vacuoles
17. Cellulose, the most important constituent of plant cell wall is made up of
(a) branched chain of glucose molecules linked by a,1,6-glycosidic bond at the site of branching
(b) unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by a,1,4-glycosidic bond
(c) branched chain of glucose molecules linked by p,1,4-glycosidic bond in straight chain and a,1,6-glycosidic bond at the site of branching
(d) unbranched chain of glucose molecules linked by p,1,4-glycosidic bond
18. Fluid mosaic model is the most accepted model for plasma membrane structure. It shows that
(a) quasi fluid nature of lipid enables lateral movement of proteins within the overall bilayer
(b) lateral movement within the membrane is measured as its fluidity
(c) fluid nature of membrane is important for growth, formation of intercellular junctions, secretion, endocytosis, cell division, etc.
(d) All of the above
19. The membrane is selectively permeable. Many molecules can move across the membrane without any requirement of energy, this is called
(a) active transport
(b) osmosis
(c) passive transport
(d) diffusion
20. Which of the following statements regarding mitochondrial membrane is not correct?
(a) The outer membrane is permeable to all kinds of molecules
(b) The enzymes of the electron transfer chain are embedded in the outer membrane
(c) The inner membrane is highly convoluted forming a series of infoldings ‘
(d) The outer membrane resembles a sieve
21. Na+ / K+ pump is
(a) a passive transport
(b) an active transport
(c) an osmotic process
(d) a diffusion process
22. Enzymes found attached to inner membrane of mitochondria instead of matrix is/are
(a) succinic dehydrogenase
(b) cytochrome oxidase
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) malic dehydrogenase
23. Mechanical support, enzyme circulation, protein , synthesis and detoxification of drugs are functions of
(a) ER
(b) ribosomes
(c) dictyosomes
(d) chloroplast
24. Two animal cells are interconnected by
(a) plasmodesmata
(b) cell wall
(c) desmosome
(d) plasma membrane
25. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
(a)Amyloplast — Store fats
(b)Elaioplasts — Store oils
(c)Aleuroplasts — Store proteins
(d)Chloroplasts — Contain photosynthetic pigments
26. Majority of the chloroplasts of the green plants are found in the
(a) mesophyll cells of leaves
(b) palisade cells of leaves
(c) upper epidermis of leaves
(d) lower epidermis of leaves
27. What is common between chloroplasts, chromoplasts and leucoplasts?
(a) The presence of pigments
(b) The possession of thylakoids and grana
(c) Storage of starch, proteins and lipids
(d) Ability to multiply by a fission like process
28. Genes present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells are found in
(a) mitochondria and inherited via egg cytoplasm
(b) lysosomes and peroxisomes
(c) Golgi bodies and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(d) plastids and inherited via male gamete
29. In prokaryotes, chromatophores are
(a) specialised granules responsible for colouration of cells
(b) structures responsible for organising the shape of the organism
(c) inclusion bodies lying free inside the cells for carrying out various metabolic activities
(d) internal membrane systems that may become extensive and complex in photosynthetic bacteria
30. Cells, which lack nucleus are
(a) erythrocytes of many mammals and sieve tube cells of vascular plants
(b) stomatal cells and bone cells
(c) cartilage cells and nerve cells
(d) embryonic cells and leaf cells
31. Which of the following is not a function of cytoskeleton in a cell?
(a) Intracellular transport
(b) Maintenance of cell shape and structure
(c) Support of the organelle
(d) Cell motility
32. The main organelle involved in modification and routing of newly synthesised proteins to their destinations is
(a) mitochondria
(b) endoplasmic reticulum
(c) lysosome
(d) chloroplast
33. According to widely accepted ‘fluid mosaic model’, cell membranes are semi-fluid, where lipids and integral proteins can diffuse randomly. In recent years, this model has been modified in several respects. In this regard, which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) Proteins in cell membranes can travel within the lipid bilayer
(b) Proteins can remain confined within certain domain of the membrane
(c) Proteins can also undergoHip-flop movements In the lipid bilayer
(d) Many proteins remain completely embedded within the lipid bilayer
34. Three of the following statements regarding cell organelles are correct, while one is wrong. Which one is wrong?
(a) Lysosomes are double membraned vesicles budded off from Golgi apparatus and contain digestive enzymes
(b) ER consists of a network of membranous tubules and helps in transport, synthesis and secretion
(c) Leucoplasts are bounded by two membranes, lack pigment but contain their own DNA and protein synthesising machinery
(d) Spherosomes are single membrane bound and are associated with synthesis and storage of lipids
35. Which of the following is not true of a eukaryotic cell?
(a) It has 40S type of ribosome present in the mitochondria
(b) It has 40S type of ribosome present in the cytoplasm
(c) Mitochondria contain circular DNA
(d) Membrane bound organelles are present
36. In chloroplasts, chlorophyll is present in the
(a) outer membrane
(b) inner membrane
(c) thylakoids
(d) stroma
37. Different cells have different sizes. Arrange the following cells in an ascending order of their size, choose the correct option among the followings .
I. Mycoplasma II. Ostrich eggs
III. Human RBC IV. Bacteria
Codes
(a) I, IV, III and II
(b) I, II, III and IV
(c) II, I, III and IV
(d) III, II, I and IV
38. Flagella of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells differ in
(a) type of movement and placement in cell
(b) location in cfell and mode of functioning
(c) microtubular organisation and type of movement
(d) microtubular organisation and function
39. Centriole is a reproducing organelle in the cytoplasm of
(a) plant cells
(b) animal cells
(c) Euphorbia cells
(d) Chrysanthemum cells
40. DNA is present in
(a) chromosomes and dictyosomes
(b) chloroplasts and lysosomes
(c) mitochondria and chloroplasts
(d) mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum
41. Secondary cell wall grows by
(a) deamination
(b) calcitonin
(c) opposition
(d) None of these
42. Many cells function properly and divide mitotically even though they do not have
(a) plasma membrane
(b) cytoskeleton
(c) mitochondria
(d) plastids
43. Cell organelle responsible for autolysis is
(a) dictyosome
(b) lysosome
(c) peroxisome
(d) glyoxysome
44. Ribozyme was discovered by
(a) Kuhne
(b) Duclaux
(c) Cech et. at.
(d) Altmann
45. Chromatin contains
(a) Only DNA
(b) basic proteins called histones only
(c) non-histone proteins
(d) All of the above
46. DNA is denatured by
(a) heat
(b) acid
(c) DNA polymerase
(d) Both (a) and (b)
47. Sequence of DNA (non-coding) is known as
(a) exon
(b) intron
(c) cistron
(d) None of these
Direction (Q. NOS. 48-54) In each of the following questions a statement of Assertion is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
48. Assertion The true nucleus is generally absent in E. coli and other prokaryotes.
Reason An undifferentiated, unorganised fibrillar nucleus without any limiting membrane is observed in prokaryotic cells.
49. Assertion Eukaryotic cells are provided with tremendous mechanical support and are able to carry out directed movements;
Reason There are three principal types of protein filaments—actin filament, microtubules and intermediate filaments, which give the mechanical support to cell.
50. Assertion Mitochondrion and chloroplast are semi-autonomous organelles.
Reason They are formed by division of pre-existing organelles as well as contain DNA but lack protein synthesising machinery.
51. Assertion Power house of a cell is mitochondrion.
Reason ATP is produced in mitochondria.
52. Assertion Cell wall is not found in plant cell.
Reason Animal cells are covered by cell wall.
53. Assertion Histones are basic proteins of major importance in packaging of eukaryotic DNA. DNA and histones comprise chromatin forming the bulk of eukaryotic chromosome.
Reason Histones are of five major types : H-, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4.
54. Assertion The number of cells in a multicellular organism is inversely proportional to size of body.
Reason All cells of biological world are alive.
55. Match the following columns.
Column 1 Column II
A. Cech et. a/. 1. C de Duve
B. Ribosomes 2. Benda
C. Lysosomes 3.Mass of calcium carbonate
D. Cystolith 4. Ribozyme
5. Protein synthesis
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 3 2 3 1
(d) 4 5 1 3
56. Which one of the following does not differ in E.coli and Chlamydomonas ?
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Chromosomal organisation
(c) Cell wall
(d) Cell membrane
57. The structures that are formed by stacking of organized flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are
(a) cristae
(b) grana
(c) stroma lamellae
(d) stroma
58. The chromosomes in which centromere is situated close to one end are
(a) metacentric
(b) acrocentric
(c) telocentric
(d) sub-metacentric
59. Select the correct matching in the following pairs.
Smooth ER— Oxidation of phospholipids
Smooth ER— Synthesis of lipids
Rough ER— Synthesis of glycogen
Rough ER— Oxidation of fatty acids
60. The solid linear cytoskeleta! elements having a diameter of 6nm and made up of a single type of monomere are known as
(a) microtubules
(b) microfilaments
(c) intermediate filaments
(d) lamins
61. The osmotic expansion of a cell kept in water is chiefly regulated by
(a) mitochondria
(b) vacuoles
(c) plastids
(d) ribosomes
62. Match the following and select the correct answer
Codes
A B C D
(a) 4 2 1 3
(b) 1 2 .4 3
(c) 1 3 2 4
(d) 4 3 1 2
63. Which one of the following organelle in the figure correctly matches with its function?
(a) Golgi apparatus, protein synthesis
(b) Golgi apparatus, formation of glycolipids
(c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, protein synthesis
(d) Rough endoplasmic reticulum, formaion of glycoproteins
64. Major site for synthesis of lipid is
(a) SER
(b) symplast
(c) nucleoplasm
(d) RER
65. The Golgi complex plays a major role
(a) in digesting proteins and carbohydrates
(b) as energy transferring organelles
(c) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
(d) in trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy
66. Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
(a) Plant cells-Cellulase
(b) Algae-Methylase
(c) Fungi-Chitinase
(d) Bacteria-Lysozyme
67. What is true about ribosome?
(a) The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80 S, where S stands for sedimentation coefficient
(b) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins
(c) These are found only in eukaryotic cells
(d) These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs
68. Important site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) plastid
(c) lysosome
(d) vacuole
69. In eubacteria, a cellular component that resembles eukaryotic cells is
(a) nucleus
(b) ribosomes
(c) cell wall
(d) plasma membrane
70. Satellite of chromosome is
(a) rich in RNA and deficient in DNA
(b) rich in DNA and deficient in RNA
(c) rich protein
(d) lacks DNA
71. Which one of the following structures between two adjacent cells is an effective transport pathway?
(a) Plasmodesmata
(b) Plastoquinones
(c) Endoplasmic reticulum
(d) Plasmalemma
72. Membrane-bond organelles are absent in
(a) Saccharomyces
(b) Streptococcus
(c) Chlamydomonas
(d) Plasmodium
73. The plasma membrane consists mainly of
(a) phospholipids embedded in protein bilayer
(b) protein embedded in a phospholipid.bilayer
(c) proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules
(d) protein embedded in carbohydrate bilayer
74. Digestive enzyme hydrolases are present in
(a) vacuole
(b) lysosomes
(c) Golgi bodies
(d) mitochondria
75.Microtubules are absent in
(a) mitochondria
(b) flagella
(c) spindle fibres
(d) centriole