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Solved the very best collection of Management of Natural Resources Class 10 Science Important Questions and Answers Chapter 16 Pdf from the latest NCERT edition books, It will help you in scoring more marks in CBSE Exams.
Class 10 Science Chapter 16 Important Questions with Answers Management of Natural Resources
Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 16 Important Questions with Answers Management of Natural Resources
Management of Natural Resources Class 10 Important Questions Very Short Answer Type
Question 1.
Give one example each from your daily life where the household waste can be effectively reused and recycled respectively. (2013, 2014 OD)
Answer:
Example of Reuse: Plastic bottles that we get with jams and pickles can be reused for storing things in the kitchen.
Example of Recycling: We should collect used and discarded items of paper, plastic, glass and metals and send them to the respective industries for making fresh paper, plastic, glass or metal objects.
Question 2.
Name any two items which can be easily recycled but are generally thrown in the dustbins by us. (2013, 2014 OD)
Answer:
Cold drink cans and empty milk poly packs can be easily recycled but are generally thrown in the dustbins.
Question 3.
Write the main objective of conservation of biodiversity. (2013 OD)
Answer:
The main objective of conservation of biodiversity is that the loss of diversity may lead to loss of ecological stability.
Question 4.
Water is a valuable resource. List two ways that you would suggest every family member to save this resource. (2014 D)
Answer:
- Leakage of taps should be checked and repaired.
- Rinsed water of washed clothes can be reused for watering the plants or for cleaning the floor etc.
Question 5.
List two measures that you would suggest for the better management of water resources. (2013, 2014 D)
Answer:
- Rainwater harvesting – it means rain water should not be allowed flow into the drains but make it percolate into the soil more efficiently.
- Recycling of water used in bathrooms and kitchens should be encouraged.
- Construction of dams.
Management of Natural Resources Class 10 Important Questions Short Answer Type I
Question 1.
Every one of us can do something to reduce our consumption of various natural resources. List four such activities based on 3-R approach. (2013, 2015 D)
Answer:
- We can reduce the use of LPG by making use of solar cooker for cooking food.
- We can reduce the wastage of water by repairing the leakage in taps.
- We should collect all the discarded household items like newspapers, broken plastic items, glass bottles etc. and send them to the respective industries for recycling to make fresh paper, plastic and glass objects.
- We can drink soft cold drinks available in the glass bottles instead of pearlpet or metal containers as these glass bottles can be refilled and thus reused again.
Question 2.
Why are forests considered “biodiversity hot spots”? List two ways in which an individual can contribute effectively to the management of forests and wildlife. (2015 D)
Answer:
Due to the presence of a large number of species (of plants and animals) threatened with extinction forests are said to be ‘biodiversity hotspots’.
The two ways in which an individual can contribute effectively to the management of forests and wildlife are:
- As individuals we can try to cut down the use of products directly obtained from forests such as gum, rubber, wood, paper, etc., thereby protecting against the excessive cutting of trees.
- As individuals we must discourage and protect against the poaching of wild animals for commercial use.
Question 3.
What is meant by “sustainable management”? Why is reuse considered better than recycling? (2015 D)
Answer:
The development and management of resources in such a way which meets the current basic human needs and also preserves the resources for the needs of future generations, is called sustainable management. The process of ‘reuse’ is considered better than the process of ‘recycling’ because recycling requires the use of a large amount of energy and money whereas no energy is required for reusing materials.
Question 4.
(a) Why do we need to manage our resources carefully?
(b) Why management of natural resources requires a long term perspective? (2014, 2015 D)
Answer:
There are basically two following reasons:
(a)
- The resources of the earth are limited.
- The proper management can ensure equitable distribution of natural resources so that all the people can benefit from the developments of these resources.
(b) The proper management of natural resources takes into consideration a long-term perspective so that these natural resources are used judiciously at present and their exploitation to the hilt for short term gains is prevented. This is essential to meet their future needs and demands.
Question 5.
List four measures that can be taken to conserve forests. (2015 D)
Answer:
Forests can be conserved in the following ways:
- By silviculture – It means reforesting those forest lands from where large number of trees have been cut in a planned way.
- By taking the help of the local people in conserving the forests, e.g., Sal forests of Arabari forest range of West Bengal were conserved with the help of the local people by the Forest Department of that state.
- Encouraging the people not to overuse the materials obtained from the forests, e.g., timber.
- Indiscriminate felling of trees for commercial gains should be stopped.
- Overgrazing in forests should be discouraged and forest fires should be prevented.
Question 6.
List two advantages associated with water harvesting at the community level. (2015 D)
Answer:
Advantages of water harvesting at the community level:
- Water harvesting improves the quality of ground water thereby improving vegetation in and around the area. It also prevents soil erosion.
- Water harvesting in rural areas not only increases the agricultural production and income of the farmers but also makes less severe the effect of droughts and floods, and increases the life of downstream dams and reservoirs.
Question 7.
List two main causes of the pollution of water of the river Ganga. State how pollution and contamination of river water prove harmful for the health of the people of neighbouring areas. (2015 OD)
Answer:
Two main causes of the pollution of water of the river Ganga:
- Disposal of industrial effluents into the river.
- Human activities like bathing, washing, immersion of ashes, etc.
Pollution and contamination of river water has led to various harmful effects on health of people in neighbouring areas who use river water for domestic or drinking purposes. It has led to various types of water borne diseases such as typhoid or cholera. Also human and industrial activities have lead to contamination of marine life which can be hazardous for consumption.
Question 8.
What is biodiversity? What will happen if biodiversity of an area is not preserved? Mention one effect of it. (2015 OD)
Answer:
Biodiversity is the diversity of life in an area. It is the number and range of variety of species of life forms in an area.
The loss of biodiversity of an area will lead to the loss of ecological stability of the eco-system. It can result in environment disasters such as floods, forest fires, etc.
Question 9.
List any two advantages associated with water stored in the ground. (2015 OD)
Answer:
Advantages of underground water:
- The water stored in the ground does not evaporate.
- The water stored in the ground does not promote breeding of mosquitoes.
Question 10.
Why is sustainable management of natural resources necessary? Out of the two reuse and recycle which, in your opinion, is better to practise? Give reason. (2015 OD)
Answer:
Sustainable management is management that encourages the judicious use of natural resources to meet the current basic human needs while preserving the resources for the needs of future generations.
Reuse is a better practise than recycle as recycling requires a large amount of energy and money. In this strategy, we are encouraged to use things again and again instead of throwing them away with no expense of energy. Reuse also does not cause pollution. Example, plastic bottles of jams and pickles can be reused for storing things in the kitchen.
Question 11.
List four advantages of properly managed watershed management. (2016 D)
Answer:
Four advantages of properly managed watershed management are:
- Watershed management emphasizes scientific soil and water conservation in order to increase the biomass production. It strictly maintains the water quality.
- Watershed management develops primary resources of land and water, to produce secondary resources of plants and animals for use in a manner which will not cause ecological imbalance.
- Watershed management increases the production and income of the watershed community.
- It mitigates droughts and floods and increases the life of the downstream dam and reservoirs.
Question 12.
Explain giving example where active involvement of local people lead to efficient management of forest. (2016 D)
Answer:
- People’s participation in the management of forests can help in increasing forest produce as well as in their conservation.
- In 1972, the West Bengal Forest Department formulated a novel scheme to revive the degraded Sal forests by involving the local people.
- A far sighted forest officer A.K. Banerjee involved the villagers of the area around the forest in the protection of 1272 hectares of badly degraded Sal forest.
- In return for help in protecting the forest, the villagers were given employment in both silviculture and harvesting operations of the forest, 25% of the final harvest produce, and were allowed to collect firewood and fodder from the forest area on nominal payment.
- With the active and willing participation of local people living around the forest, the degraded Sal forest of Arabari became thick and green within ten years.
Question 13.
“Reuse is better than recycling of materials”. Give reason to justify this statement. (2016 D)
Answer:
The ‘reuse’ strategy is better than ‘recycling’ because even the process of recycling uses large amount of energy and money. In the reuse strategy we can preserve energy. For instance, plastic bottles in which we buy various food items like jam and pickle can be used for storing things in the kitchen. Whereas, if we send the discarded plastic bottles for recycling to the industry, we will be using energy sources for the recycling process.
Question 14.
“What was Chipko Andolan”? How did this Andolan ultimately benefit the local people and the environment? (2016 OD)
Answer:
Chipko Movement. Chipko Movement is an example of contribution of common people towards the conservation of forests. The Chipko Movement also called ‘Hug the tree’ movement originated from an incident in a remote village called ‘Reni’ in Garhwal (Himalayas), where the people of this village clasped the tree trunks with their arms to protect them from being cut down by a contractor’s workers. The people acted this way because they knew that this mass deforestation would spoil their healthy environment. The forest trees were thus saved.
The Chipko Movement quickly spread across all the communities and helped in the conservation of forests and thus helped in safeguarding the environment.
Question 15.
“Burning of fossil fuels results in global warming”. Give reasons to justify this statement. (2016 OD)
Answer:
When fossil fuels (coal and petroleum based fuels like petrol, diesel etc.) are burnt, they produce CO2, CO, water vapours, SO2, oxides of nitrogen.
Though CO2 is not a poisonous gas but it is a green house gas which traps sun’s heat energy falling on the earth. The burning of more and more of fossil fuels is increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causing increased greenhouse effect leading to global warming.
Question 16.
Forests are “biodiversity hot spots”. Justify this statement. (2016 OD)
Answer:
Forests are ‘biodiversity hot spots’. The measure of the biodiversity of an area is the number of species found there. Since in a forest there is a wide range of different life forms (bacteria, fungi, fern, flowering plants, nematodes, insects, birds, reptiles and so on) it can be termed a ‘biodiversity hotspot’. One of the main aims of conservation is to try and preserve the biodiversity we have inherited.
Question 17.
What is water harvesting? How can this technique help in the conservation of water? (2016 OD)
Answer:
Water harvesting is a conservation technique of capturing rain water when it falls and rim off and taking measures to keep the water clean.
The main purpose of water harvesting is not to hold rain water on the surface of the earth but to make rain water percolate under the ground so as to recharge ‘groundwater’. This in turn reduces dependency on rainfall for irrigation.
Question 18.
List four stakeholders which may be helpful in the conservation of forests. (2016 OD)
Answer:
Four stakeholders which may be helpful in the conservation of forests:
- The people who live in and around the forest and are dependent to some extent on forest products for their livelihood.
- The forest department of the Government which owns the forest land and controls the resources from the forest.
- The industrialists who use various forest products as raw materials for their factories.
- The forest and wildlife activists who want to conserve the forests and see the forests in their original condition (pristine form).
Question 19.
The construction of large dams lead to social and environmental problems. List two problems of each category. (2016 OD)
Answer:
Three problems that arise due to construction of big dams:
- Social problems. Due to the construction of high rise dams, a large number of human settlements are submerged in the water of large reservoir formed by the dam and many people are rendered homeless.
- Environmental problems. The construction of high rise dams on the rivers contributes to deforestation and loss of biodiversity.
- Economic problems. Some people believe that the construction of high-rise dams involve the spending of huge amounts of public money without the generation of proportionate benefits.
Suggestions for these problems: All the people who are displaced from the dam site should be given adequate compensation by the Government for rehabilitation so as to start their life afresh.
Question 20.
What is sustainable management? Why is reuse considered better in comparison to recycle? (2017 D)
Answer:
Sustainable management means the judicious use of the natural resources by the present generations so that these resources are also available for the future generations.
In the recycling of materials some energy is used and also harmful gases are produced which pollute the environment, while reuse of materials does not consume energy.
Question 21.
State two advantages of conserving; (i) forests and (ii) wild life. (2017 OD)
Answer:
(i) Conserving forests helps in:
- Maintaining biodiversity of living beings.
- Retaining sub soil water.
- Also prevents the occurrence of floods.
(ii) Conserving wild life helps in:
- Maintaining ecological balance among different species in the forest.
- Protecting the nature.