CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography Paper 8

These Sample papers are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography Paper 8

CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Geography Paper 8

Board	CBSE
Class	XII
Subject	Geography
Sample Paper Set	Paper 8
Category	CBSE Sample Papers

Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 8 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Geography is given below with free PDF download solutions.

Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

• There are 22 questions in all.
• All questions are compulsory.
• Question numbers 1-7 are very short answer questions carrying 1 mark each. Answer to each of these questions should not exceed 40 words.
• Question numbers 8-13 are short answer questions carrying 3 marks each. Out of which one question is a value based question. Answer to each of these questions should not exceed 80-100 words.
• Question numbers 14-20 are long answer questions carrying 5 marks each. Answer to each of these questions should not exceed 150 words.
• Question numbers 21 and 22 are related to identification or locating and labelling of geographical features on maps carrying 5 marks each.
• Outline maps of the World and India provided to you must be attached within your answer book.
• Use of templates or stencils for drawing outline maps is allowed.

Questions

Question 1.
Differentiate between growth and development.

Question 2.
Why is India a popular tourist destination in the world?

Question 3.
Evaluate the importance of ‘quaternary activities’.

Question 4.
Examine the concept of ‘regional planning’.

Question 5.
Mention any two factors responsible for the establishment of cotton textile mills in Mumbai.

Question 6.
State the major problem being faced by Kolkata sea-port.

Question 7.
State any two advantages of air transport in the International trade.

Question 8.
“The primitive communities lived in complete harmony with their natural environment and as such the humans were naturalised.” Support the statement.

Question 9.
Differentiate between small scale manufacturing and large scale manufacturing.

Question 10.
Describe any three major problems of road transport in the world.

Question 11.
“Every January after the harvest season ‘ Jonbeel Mela’ takes place in Jagiroad, 35 kilometres away from Guwahati and it is possibly the only fair in India, where ‘barter system’ is still alive. A big market is organised during this fair and people from various tribes and communities exchange their products.”
In light of the above paragraph, justify the values of ‘barter system’ in the lives of the tribal communities.

Question 12.
Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow:
(12.1) Which class of towns/cities support the largest urban population?
(12.2) Explain any two reasons for such a high concentration of population in this class of towns/cities.

Question 13.
“Indiscriminate use of water by increasing population and indus trial expansion has led to
degradation of the quality of water considerably.” Evaluate the statement.

Question 14.
Define the term ‘density of population’. Explain four geographical factors affecting the distribution of population in the world, with examples.

Question 15.
“Gathering and hunting are the primitive economic activities meant for the subsistence of tribal societies, but in modem times gathering is market oriented and has become commercial.” Examine the statement.

Question 16.
Study the following map of the Suez Canal carefully and answer the questions that follow:

(16.1) Name the country through which this canal passes.
(16.2) Name the seas connected by this canal.
(16.3) Why is this canal considered a gateway of Europe to the Indian Ocean?

Question 17.
“The decadal and annual growth rates of population in India are both very high and steadily increasing over time.” Substantiate the statement.

Question 18.
Explain how ‘watershed management’ and ‘rainwater harvesting’ are the methods of efficient management and conservation of surface water resources in India.

Question 19.
“The non-conventional sources of energy will provide more sustained, eco-friendly and cheaper energy if the initial cost is taken care of.” Examine the statement.

Question 20.
Describe any five characteristics of National Highways of India.

Question 21.
Identify the five geographical features shown on the given political outline map of the World as A, B, C, D and E and write their correct names on the lines marked near them with the help of the following information:

A. A major sea-port
B. An international airport
C. A major industrial region
D. An important area of nomadic herding
E. A mega city

Question 22.
Locate and label the following features with appropriate symbols on the given political outline map of India:

(22.1) A major tea growing state
(22.2) Mayurbhanj An area of iron ore mining
(22.3) An important steel plant in Karnataka
(22.4) An international southernmost airport in Kerala
(22.5) A city with a population of more than ten million in North India

Answers

Answers 1.
The difference between growth and development: Growth is quantitative, whereas Development is qualitative/Growth is value neutral, whereas development is value positive/ Growth may be positive or negative, whereas development will always be positive.

Answers 2.
India is a popular tourist destination because of warmer places on West Coast/favorable climatic conditions / Heritage homes/historical places/scenic landscapes/national parks/ medical services etc.

Answers 3.
The quaternary activities has replaced most of the primary and secondary activities as the basis of economic growth /Over half of the workers in the developed economies are in the knowledge sector.

Answers 4.
The concept of regional planning:
To develop a particular region/ to reduce the regional imbalance in the development.

Answers 5.
Factors responsible for establishment of cotton textile mills in Mumbai:
(i) Close proximity to the cotton producing areas of Gujarat and Maharashtra.
(ii) Humid climate
(iii) It was the financial centre and had the capital needed to start an industry.
(iv) Transport facilities
(v) Cheap and abundant labour
(vi) Port facilities at Mumbai
(vii) Availability of hydro-electricity
(Any two points to be mentioned)

Answers 6.
The major problem being faced by Kolkata sea port is the problem of silt accumulation in Hugh river which provides a link to the sea.

Answers 7.
(i) Air transport is the fastest means.
(ii) Valuable cargo can be moved rapidly on a world-wide scale.
(iii) It has brought connectivity revolution even reaching inaccessible areas.
(iv) Highly suitable for handling perishable goods over long distances. (Any two points)

Answers 8.
The primitive communities lived in complete harmony with their natural environment:
(i) The primitive society live in complete harmony with their natural environment.
(ii) It is realized that in all such cases nature is a powerful force, worshipped, revered and conserved.
(iii) There is direct dependence of human beings on nature for resources which sustain them,
(iv) The people begin to understand their environment and the forces of nature with the passage of time.
(v) With Social and Cultural development, humans develop better and more efficient technology.
(vi) They move from a state of necessity to a state of freedom.
(vii) They create possibilities with the resources obtained from the environment.
(viii) They were afraid of the fury of nature.
(ix) Any other relevant point
(Any three points to be explained)

Answers 9.
Points of distinction between small scale manufacturing and large scale manufacturing:
(i) Small scale industries use local raw material, whereas large scale industries use variety of raw materials brought from far and near.
(ii) Small scale industries use simple power driven machines, whereas large scale industries use advanced technology and work on assembly line production.
(iii) Small scale industries use skilled and semi-skilled labour, whereas large scale industries use skilled labour.
(iv) Small scale industries provide large scale employment and raise local purchasing power, whereas large scale industries provide employment with mass production and huge capital.
(v) Any other relevant point
(Any three points of distinction to be mentioned)

Answers 10.
Major problems of road transport in the world are:
(i) Roads are unusable during the time of natural calamity and bad weather conditions.
(ii) Road network cannot cope with the demands of traffic as a result congestion occurs.
(iii) Road construction requires heavy investment in construction and maintenance.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
(Any three points to be described)

Answers 11.
Values of barter system in the lives of the tribal community:
The barter system fosters mutual cooperation/ amiable relationship/ sharing/growing together/ good will/ mutual respect/ regard for each other/ strength and weaknesses/ value for products/ welfare and wellbeing of communities.
Note: The view point of the examinees also to be considered.
(Any three values to be described)

Answers 12.
(12.1) Class – I towns/cities
(12.2) Reasons:
(i) Job opportunities
(ii) Education
(iii) Medical facilities
(iv) Security
(v) Better communication
(vi) Amenities of life
(vii) Any other relevant point
(Any two points to be explained)

Answers 13.
Increasing population and industrial expansion are responsible for water pollution:
(i) Domestic and sewage waste water remains untreated.
(ii) Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in farming results in water pollution.
(iii) Cultural activities: fairs, tourism, pilgrimage etc.
(iv) Industries produce many undesirable substances which pollutes water.
(v) Chemical residues and toxins pollute water.
(vi) Major polluting industries are-leather, pulp, paper, textiles, chemicals etc.
(vii) Any other relevant point.
(Any three points to be explained)

Answers 14.
The ratio between the numbers of people to the size of land is the ‘density of population’:
Density of Population = Population/Area
Geographical factors:
(i) Availability of water
(ii) Landforms
(iii) Climate
(iv) Soils
These four factors to be explained with examples.

Answers 15.
Gathering activities:
Gatherers collect valuable plants, leaves, bark and medicinal herbs for different uses and sell in market.
The barks are used for making quinine, tannin etc., in different ways; leaves for beverages, : drugs, cosmetics, fibers, thatch, fabrics,
Edible nuts and their oils are also collected.
Tree trunks for latex, balata, gums and resins are used as raw materials in various industries. To be assessed as a whole

Answers 16.
16.1. Egypt
16.2. Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea
16.3 Gateway of Europe to the Indian Ocean:
(i) It is considered a gateway of Europe to the Indian Ocean as it reduces the distance between Europe and Asia;
(ii) Gives direct sea route distance between Liverpool and Colombo compared to Cape of Good Hope route.
(iii) It saves time and fuel.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
(Any three points to be explained)

Answers 17.
The decadal and annual growth rate of population in India:

The decades between 1921 to 1951 recorded steady growth of population.

Overall improvement in health and sanitation minimized the mortality rate but the birth rate remained high.

In the next three decades 1951-81 are known as the period of population explosion. It was caused by a rapid fall in the mortality rate but birth rate remained high. Average annual growth rate was very high as the living conditions of people improved due to developmental , activities resulting in high natural increase in birth rate and thus, growth rate remained high.
International migration also contributed to the high growth rate of population.

Since 1981 till date, population growth rate has been high although a downward trend of crude birth rate has started.

Note: If examinee proves the statement by giving arguments in favour of annual/decadal/ phase wise growth, in that case this may be considered.

To be assessed as a whole.

Answers 18.
Watershed management:
(i) It prevents runoff, recharges ground water through percolation tanks, recharge wells etc.
(ii) Haryali is a watershed development project which aims at enabling the rural population to conserve water for drinking, irrigation, fisheries and afforestation.
(iii) It includes conservation, regeneration and judicious use of all resources: natural and human within a watershed.
(iv) Neeru-Meeru programme in Andhra Pradesh and Arvary Pani Sansad in Rajasthan have taken up construction of various water harvesting structures such as percolation tanks, check dams etc.

Rainwater Harvesting:
(i) Traditional rainwater harvesting mainly in rural areas is done by using surface storage bodies like lakes, ponds, irrigation tanks etc.
(ii) In Rajasthan rainwater harvesting structures, locally known as kunds or tankas are constructed near or in the house or village to store harvested rainwater.
(iii) It raises water availability, increases the quantity and improves the quality of ground water by diluting pollutants/ contaminants, prevents soil erosion, reduces the fury of floods and checks salt water intrusion in coastalareas.
(Any five points to be explained)
Note: At least two points from each method to be explained. .

Answers 19.
Non-conventional sources of energy:
(i) Non-conventional energy sources are solar, wind, tidal, geothermal and biomass. All these sources are sustainable.
(ii) These are more equitably distributed
(iii) They are ecofriendly.
(iv) In the long run they are cost effective.
(v) Wind energy like other non-conventional sources of energy is absolutely pollution free.
(vi) Ocean currents are store house of infinite energy.
(vii) Bio energy is also a potential source of energy. It reduces pressure on fuel wood and saves forests as well.
(viii) Geothermal energy can successfully be tapped, converted to electrical energy and can be developed as an effective source of energy.
(ix) Any other relevant point
(x) Any five points to be explained

Answers 20.
Characteristics of National Highways of India:
(i) Constructed and maintained by the Central Government.
(ii) Meant for inter state transport.
(iii) Meant for movement of defence men and material in strategic areas.
(iv) They connect the cities in different parts (state capitals, major cities, important ports, railway junctions) of India.
(v) They constitute 1.7% of total road length and 40% of the road traffic in India.
(vi) NHAI is entrusted with the responsibility of development, maintenance and operation of NH.
(vii) Any other relevant point
(Any five pionts to be explained)

Answers 21.

Answers 22.

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