Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions Set 4 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 4 with Solutions
Section – A
(Multiple Choice Questions)
Question 1.
Where did Mahatma Gandhi make salt out of the seawater?
(a) Sabarmati
(b) Champaran
(c) Dandi
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Dandi
Question 2.
Which of the following social reformers fought against caste system?
(a) Jyotiba Phule
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) B. R. Ambedkar
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Question 3.
Study the picture and answer the question that follows:
Which of the following options best depicts the above image?
(a) Female working for food
(b) Child labour
(c) The Irish potato famine
(d) Poverty in Europe
Answer:
(c) The Irish potato famine
Question 4.
Arrange the following in chronological order:
I. The IMF and the World Bank started their financial operations.
II. The US became a colonial power by taking over some colonies which earlier held by Spain.
III. Due to the efforts of Indian nationalist leaders, the system of indentured labour was abolished.
IV. The big European powers met in Berlin to complete the carving up of Africa between them.
Options:
(a) I, III, IV, II
(b) II, IV, III, I
(c) IV, II, III, I
(d) I, II, III, IV
Answer:
(c) IV, II, III, I
Question 5.
Identify the crop with the help of the following information:
It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop.
It grows well in hot and humid climates with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C.
It can be grown on a variety of soils needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.
India is the second largest producer of this crop only after Brazil.
Options:
(a) Coffee
(b) Tea
(c) Rice
(d) Sugarcane
Answer:
(d) Sugarcane
Question 6.
Which subjects are included in the Concurrent List?
(a) National Importance
(b) State importance
(c) Both national and state importance
(d) Local Importance
Answer:
(c) Both national and state importance
Question 7.
Match the following:
Dams | Rivers |
A. Nagarjuna Sagar | I. Kaveri |
B. Mettur | II. Damodar |
C. Bhakra Nangal | III. Krishna |
D. Panchet | IV. Satluj |
Options:
(a) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
(b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
(c) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
(d) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Answer:
(d) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Question 8.
Consider the following statements regarding caste in politics and identify the incorrect one from the following:
(a) Caste in politics always produces positive results.
(b) Caste factor played important role in the formation of Central Government.
(c) Social reformers and laws have played important role to reduce casteism.
(d) Routes of casteism are visible in our society from ancient time.
Answer:
(a) Caste in politics always produces positive results.
Question 9.
Which among the following is the correct meaning of ‘Alliance’?
(a) Two parties together form the government.
(b) Leftists and Rightists together form the government.
(c) When state and national parties together form the government.
(d) When several parties in a multi-party system join for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power.
Answer:
(d) When several parties in a multi-party system join for the purpose of contesting elections and winning power.
Question 10.
‘Coming together federation’ is not found in …………………….. .
(a) India
(b) U.S.A.
(c) Switzerland
(d) Australia
Answer:
(a) India
Question 11.
Which one among the following pairs is correctly matched?
List-I | List-II |
(a) January 1921 | Lahore Congress Session |
(b) December 1929 | Second Round Table Conference |
(c) March 1930 | Salt March |
(d) December 1931 | Khilafat Movement |
Answer:
(c) March 1930 – Salt March
Question 12.
There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the codes provided below.
Assertion (A): Workers in organised sectors enjoy security of employment.
Reason (R): Organised sector is registered by the government and have to follow the rules and regulations which are given in laws such as Factories Act, and Minimum Wages Act.
Options:
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(d) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
Answer:
Question 13.
Which of the following are the main components of a political party?
(a) Leaders
(b) Followers
(c) Active members
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Question 14.
Arrange the following in the correct sequence:
(i) Transporting paper to factory
(ii) Sale of books in bookstore
(iii) Printing of pages
(iv) Compilation of pages
Options:
(a) (iv), (iii), (i), (ii)
(b) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
(c) (ii), (i), (iii), (iv)
(d) (iii), (ii), (iv), (i)
Answer:
(b) (i), (iii), (iv), (ii)
Question 15.
Which of the following belongs to taking loan from an organised sector?
(a) Bank
(b) Relatives
(c) Local money lenders
(d) Friends
Answer:
(a) Bank
Question 16.
Find the odd one out from the following:
(a) Iron ore, Manganese, Nickel, Cobalt
(b) Copper, Lead, Tin, Bauxite
(c) Gold, Silver, Iridium, Platinum
(d) Coal, Petroleum, Limestone, Natural gas
Answer:
(d) Coal, Petroleum, Limestone, Natural gas
Question 17.
Complete the table given below:
Sector | Related Economic Activity |
Tertiary | Banking |
Primary | ? |
Options:
(a) Fishing
(b) Weaving
(c) Teaching
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Fishing
Question 18.
Shivangi took a loan of 9 lakhs from the bank to purchase a car. The annual interest rate on the loan is 12.5 percent and the loan is to be repaid in 4 years in monthly instalments. The bank retained the papers of the new car as collateral, which will be returned to Rita only when she repays the entire loan with interest. Analyse the loan information given above, considering one of the following correct options:
(a) Interest on loan
(b) Deposit criteria
(c) Mode of repayment
(d) Terms of credit
Answer:
(d) Terms of credit
Question 19.
………………………… department measures the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country.
(a) Central Government
(b) Department of External Affairs
(c) Department of Income Affairs
(d) World Trade Organisation (WTO)
Answer:
(a) Central Government
Question 20.
Higher cost of borrowing means a larger part of the ………………………………. of the borrowers is used to repay the loan.
(a) Collateral
(b) Expenses
(c) Earnings
(d) Savings
Answer:
(c) Earnings.
Section – B
(Very Short Answer Questions)
Question 21.
Give two examples from history to show the impact of technology on food availability.
Answer:
In the late 19th century, the impact of technology on food availability was multifarious.
- Faster railways, lighter wagons, and larger ships helped move food more cheaply and quickly from faraway farms to final markets.
- Refrigerated ships enabled the transport of perishable foods over long distances.
Question 22.
Differentiate between ferrous and non-ferrous minerals.
OR
Differentiate between conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
Ferrous Minerals | Non-Ferrous Minerals |
(i) These minerals have iron content. | These minerals do not have iron content. |
(ii) For example, iron ore, manganese, cobalt, etc. | For example, copper, lead, bauxite, etc. |
OR
Conventional Sources of Energy | Non-Conventional Sources of Energy |
(i) These are the traditional sources of energy such as, fossil fuels, firewood, cattle dung cake, etc. | These are the recently developed sources of energy such as, solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, etc. |
(ii) They are exhaustible. | They are non-exhaustible. |
(iii) They pollute the environment on a large scale. | They are environment-friendly. |
Question 23.
What is federalism? Explain with an example.
Answer:
Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Usually, a federation has two levels of government. For example, in India, the jurisdictions of the respective levels of government are specified in the Constitution.
Question 24.
Mention any two common developmental goals of the people.
Answer:
The two common developmental goals of the people are:
- Freedom and security
- Better living conditions
Section – C
(Short Answer-Based Questions)
Question 25.
Why has the ‘Chota Nagpur Plateau Region’ the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries? Analyse the reasons.
Answer:
The major factors are:
- Availability of raw material: Iron ore, cooking coal and limestone are required in the ratio of approximately 4: 2: 1. All these materials are available in the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.
- Availability of water: Water is provided by Damodar River and its tributaries, which is a perennial source of water.
- Cheap labour: A high density of population provides large and cheap labour force.
Question 26.
Why did Gandhiji decide to launch a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act 1919? Explain any three reasons.
OR
Analyse any three reasons for slowdown of the Non-Cooperation Movement in cities.
Answer:
In 1919, Mahatma Gandhi aimed to initiate a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed nefarious Rowlatt Act (1919). The citizens of India vehemently protested against the Black Act. Nevertheless, the Act was passed and it empowered the government to subdue political activities.
- On 6th April, 1919, Gandhiji started a nationwide Satyagraha that garnered huge response. People from various cities supported the movement.
- Most of the leaders were selected from Amritsar. Gandhiji was prevented from entering Delhi.
- The colonial government detained the political prisoners without trial for two years.
OR
The Non-Cooperation Movement initiated with the participation of the middle-class stratum in cities and gained momentum. In the cities, the pace of movement subsequently slowed down. The few reasons are enumerated as follows:
- Khadi cloth was relatively more expensive than mass-produced mill cloth. As a matter of fact, poor people could not afford to buy it.
- The boycott of British institutions posed a serious problem as substitute Indian institutions were unavailable.
- Students and teachers began to take positions in colonial government schools. At the same time, lawyers resumed their work in government courts.
Question 27.
Which feature of the Panchayati Raj do you like most and why?
Answer:
Panchayati Raj is a system of governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic unit of administration.
- Gram Panchayat is a council consisting of several ward members known as Panch and a Sarpanch. They are directly elected by all the adult population living in that ward or village.
- This feature of Gram Panchayat is very significant. People in a particular village elect their representatives who are very much acquainted or familiar with the local issues.
- Thus, they can solve the problem of people easily and effectively. This is the feature which I liked the most in our country of the Panchayati Raj.
Question 28.
Discuss the difficulties faced by a borrower when a loan is taken from an informal sector.
Answer:
The difficulties faced by a borrower when a loan is taken from an informal source are:
- Compared to the formal money lenders, most of the informal money lenders charge a much higher interest rate on loans. The cost to the borrower of informal loans is much higher.
- The higher cost of borrowing means a larger part of the earnings of the borrowers is used to repay the loan as a result borrowers have less income left with them. This can lead to an increasing debt and debt trap.
- People who might wish to start an enterprise by borrowing may not do so because of the high cost of borrowing.
Question 29.
What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
Answer:
The main criterion used by World Bank to classify different countries is the per capita income of the countries. The countries above a certain level of per capita income are considered as rich countries while the countries below that level are considered poor countries.
These are two limitations with this criterion:
- Firstly, it is very much influenced by the extreme upper and lower values and fails to represent the level of equality of income.
- Secondly, it does not represent the other indicators of quality of life like level of health and education.
Section – D
(Long Answer-Based Questions)
Question 30.
Discuss the various factors that led to the rise of nationalism in Europe.
OR
Describe the cause of the Silesian weaver’s uprising. Comment on the viewpoint of the journalist Wilhelm Wolff.
Answer:
The factors that led to the rise of Nationalism in Europe are:
- The decline of Feudalism: Feudal lords were a disruption in the way of the rising nationalism feelings among the people. But the wars and crusades weakened them.
- The weakness of Papacy and the Roman Empire: The Reformation and renaissance movements led to the awakening of the people and weakened authority of the Holy Roman Empire and the Pope. As a result, national states and national churches were established in many countries.
- Foreign Rule: Foreign rule also played a significant part in the growth of nationalism in certain countries.
- The reaction against Injustice: The reactions against the rule of unjust monarchs gave rise to the feeling of nationalism.
- Contribution of great writers: The writings of politicians, great poets, and philosophers like J.S. Mill, Machiavelli, Garibaldi, Fitch, Mazzini, etc., contributed strongly in rousing national spirit and political consciousness among the people.
OR
The perspectives of the journalist Wilhelm Wolff are as follows:
- The main reason behind the Silesian weaver’s uprising was lower payment for the accomplishment of job.
- Contractors who manufactured raw materials and procured finished textiles from the weavers paid less money for the service of the weavers.
- The weavers were tortured mercilessly if they asked for their dues. This resulted in logical agitation and uprising by the weavers against the contractor.
- The perspective of the journalist Wilhelm Wolff, was that the hardship of the workers was colossus and the contractor made their lives infernal. In this context, the viewpoint of journalist was apposite and logical.
Question 31.
What is the need for conservation of water resources? Suggest three measure to conserve water resources.
OR
‘Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions in India.” Analyse the statement.
Answer:
Water is the basic need of the people. It is a natural resource needed by every living being on the globe. It is limited and necessary to conserve it.
Reasons to conserve water can be explained as follows:
- Water resources in India are limited and our population is increasing day by day so the water requirement is also increasing day by day.
- Availability of water in our country is uneven, so it is necessary to make it available to all.
- Water resources are being polluted day by day, especially in the urban areas and are not suitable for drinking purpose.
- It is necessary to conserve water to make it available to all for the continuation of our livelihood and to save our ecosystem as well as human beings.
Measures to Conserve Water Resources:
- Save water, avoid water wastage in domestic as well as at all other levels.
- Recharge groundwater by using rainwater harvesting etc.
- Use drip irrigation and sprinklers methods to irrigate the fields.
OR
- A well-developed irrigation facility reduces the dependence of farmers on monsoons and ensures regular supply of water.
- It ensures installation of tube wells, pumps in the farmlands that enable the farmer to irrigate large portions of land more effectively.
- It also facilitates the construction of dams that help in generating electricity.
- Better irrigation has contributed in the increased production of maize in states like Karnataka. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, and multi-cropping has also become possible due to irrigation.
- Water-intensive cropping is now done in places like Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh region of Rajasthan where the Indira Gandhi Canal has facilitated easier and better irrigation.
Question 32.
Write the difference between vertical division of power-sharing and horizontal division of power-sharing.
OR
What are the advantages of horizontal power-sharing? Explain with the help of examples.
Answer:
The difference between vertical division of power-sharing and horizontal division of power-sharing.
Vertical Division of Power-sharing | Horizontal Division of Power-sharing |
(i) In the vertical division of power-sharing, power is divided among the different levels of the government like the State government, Union government, and Lower levels. | In the horizontal division of power, the power is shared between different organs of the government like Executive, Legislature and Judiciary. |
(ii) Different levels of government exercise power. | Different organs of the government exercise power. |
(iii) There is no specification of the system of checks and balance. | It specifies the concept of checks and balance. |
(iv) It ensures the concept of deepening of democracy. | It ensures the concept of the expansion of democracy. |
(v) State government, Central government and Panchayati Raj are examples of the vertical division of power-sharing. | For examples: Executive, Legislature and Judiciary are the organs of the Government of India. |
OR
The advantages of horizontal power sharing are enumerated as follows:
- The power that is shared among different organs of government is known as horizontal power sharing.
- Horizontal power-sharing places all the organs of the government i.e., legislature, executive, and judiciary at an identical level.
- Under this type of power-sharing, no organs will exercise unlimited powers.
- This method is also known as the system of checks and balances.
- For instance in India, ministers and government officials exercise power. At the same time, they are accountable to the Parliament or State Assemblies. Similarly, although judges are appointed by the executive, they can check the functioning of the executive or laws made by the legislatures.
Question 33.
How far is it correct to say that disguised unemployment can also be called underemployment? Explain.
OR
What are the ways to increase more employment for the people in rural India?
Answer:
It is a situation in which more workers are working in an activity than required. The people who are actually engaged in such activity appear to be employed but are not fuliy employed. For example, if for the cultivation of one-hectare land, 10 workers are required, but instead of 10 workers, 15 workers are working. In this case, 5 workers are disguised unemployed. In such cases, even if the surplus workers are removed, the production will not suffer. This type of unemployment is basically found in agriculture and can also be called underemployment because workers perform below their productivity level.
OR
Unemployment is a very serious problem which is being faced by India since the advent of the British and especially since independence. The government has to take many effective steps to increase the employment in the country.
Following are the various steps which can be taken by the government to increase employment:
- The government may provide cheap credit facilities to the people so that they can buy necessary equipment for their occupation. The farmers may build wells or tube wells, buy tractors or other equipment for farming. They may also purchase better seeds, fertilizers and other nutrients for the agriculture. These all are employment generating effects.
- The government may build better infrastructure in terms of transportation, electricity and communication etc. This will help in better and assured production and easier movement of goods from one place to another. This encourages the farmers and producers to expand the market for their products.
- The government must identify the potential industries in rural areas which may utilise the agricultural crops produced there and invite the entrepreneurs to start such industries there.
- Government may improve irrigation facilities so that farmers may harvest two or three crops in a year. This will increase employment.
- Government may initiate some more employment programmes which require mental work rather than physical work like elder education programmes etc.
Section – E
(Case-Based Questions)
Question 34.
Read the source given below and answer the question that follows:
The earliest kind of print technology was developed in China, Japan and Korea. This was a system of hand printing. From AD 594 onwards, books in China were printed by rubbing paper – also invented there – against the inked surface of woodblocks. As both sides of the thin, porous sheet could not be printed, the traditional Chinese ‘accordion book’ was folded and stitched at the side. Superbly skilled craftsmen could duplicate, with remarkable accuracy, the beauty of calligraphy. The imperial state in China was, for a very long time, the major producer of printed material.
China possessed a huge bureaucratic system which recruited its personnel through civil service examinations. Textbooks for this examination were printed in vast numbers under the sponsorship of the imperial state. From the sixteenth century, the number of examination candidates went up and that increased the volume of print.
Question 34.1
Name the nations where the earliest print technology was developed.
Answer:
The earliest print technology was developed in China, Japan, and Korea.
Question 34.2
How the books were printed in China from 594 AD?
Answer:
If the books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks.
Question 34.3
Discuss the relationship between the bureaucratic system of China and the production of printed materials.
Answer:
China had a large bureaucratic system in which the recruitment was made through the medium of civil service examinations. For this examination, textbooks were printed in large numbers. From the 16th century, the number of examination candidates increased and that raised the demand of printed textbooks.
Question 35.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
This type of farming is practiced in areas of high population pressure on land. It is labor-intensive farming, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production. Though the ‘right of inheritance’ leading to the division of land among successive generations has rendered land-holding size uneconomical, the farmers continue to take maximum output from the limited land in the absence of alternative source of livelihood. Thus, there is enormous pressure on agricultural land.
The main characteristic of this type of farming is the use of higher doses of modem inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity. The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to another. For example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Odisha, it is a subsistence crop.
Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using capital-intensive inputs, with the help of migrant labourers. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.
Question 35.1
With what objective ‘Intensive Subsistence Farming’ is practiced?
Answer:
To obtain higher production with the help of high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation.
Question 35.2
Mention any one feature of commercial farming.
Answer:
- Crops are grown specifically for sale in the market.
- Higher doses of modem inputs are used in order to obtain higher productivity.
Question 35.3
What is plantation farming? Name some important plantation crops which are grown in India.
Answer:
In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. Tea, coffee, rubber, banana, sugarcane, etc. are important plantation crops in India.
Question 36.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
Democracies are based on political equality. All individuals have equal weight in electing representatives. Parallel to the process of bringing individuals into the political arena on an equal footing, we find growing economic inequalities. A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. Not only that, their share in the total income of the country has been increasing. Those at the bottom of the society have very little to depend upon. Their incomes have been declining. Sometimes they find it difficult to meet their basic needs of life, such as food, clothing, house, education, and health.
Question 36.1
“Democracy ensures reduction of inequalities and poverty”. Explain the statement.
Answer:
Democracy ensures equal distribution of goods, income, and opportunities. A democratic government always tries to reduce poverty ratio and works for welfare of people.
Question 36.2
How can accommodation of social diversity work in a democracy?
Answer:
- In a democracy, the majority needs to work with minority so that the government functions to represent the general view.
- Every citizen has a chance of being in majority at some point of time.
Section – F
(Map Skill-Based Question)
Question 37.
(a) Two places (A) and (B) are marked on the outline political map of India. Identify these places with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.
(A) The place associated with the calling off the Non-Cooperation Movement.
(B) The place where the Civil Disobedience Movement was started.
(b) On the same outline map of India locate and label any three of the following:
(i) A major rice-producing state.
(ii) Sardar Sarovar Dam.
(iii) Mumbai High.
(iv) Rajiv Gandhi International Airport.
Answer: