Students must start practicing the questions from CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science with Solutions Set 4 are designed as per the revised syllabus.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10 Social Science Set 4 with Solutions
Section – A
(Multiple Choice Questions)
Question 1.
Where did Mahatma Gandhi make salt out of the seawater?
(a) Sabarmati
(b) Champaran
(c) Dandi
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Dandi
Question 2.
Which type of printing came to Europe after 1295 with the arrival of Marco Polo? (1)
(a) Handprint
(b) Stone print
(c) Woodblock print
(d) Limestone print
Answer:
(c) Woodblock print
Question 3.
Study the picture and answer the question that follows:
Which of the following options best depicts the above image?
(a) Female working for food
(b) Child labour
(c) The Irish potato famine
(d) Poverty in Europe
Answer:
(c) The Irish potato famine
Question 4.
In the given image, the courier of Rhineland loses all that he has on his way home from Leipzig. Study the picture and answer the question that follows. (1)
Who is represented as a postman? Identify from the given options.
(a) Napoleon Bonaparte
(b) Giuseppe Garibaldi
(c) Otto von Bismarck
(d) Giuseppe Mazzini
Answer:
(a) Napoleon Bonaparte
Question 5.
Identify the crop with the help of the following information:
It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop.
It grows well in hot and humid climates with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C.
It can be grown on a variety of soils needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.
India is the second largest producer of this crop only after Brazil.
Options:
(a) Coffee
(b) Tea
(c) Rice
(d) Sugarcane
Answer:
(d) Sugarcane
Question 6.
Priya listed down four statements while demonstrating the positive impacts of multi-purpose projects. As a student of social science, try to figure out the ambiguities in the research of Priva. (1)
Statement I Electricity generation is one of the objectives of multi-purpose projects. India generates approximately 22 percent
of its energy needs through this.
Statement II These projects also act as tourist attractions places where boating etc can be done by the people.
Statement III These projects provide controlled conditions for breeding of fish.
Statement IV These projects conserve soil by fastening the speed of river water.
Codes
(a) Only statement I is right
(b) Statement II and IV are right
(c) Statement I and III are right
(d) Only statement IV is right.
Answer:
(d) Only statement IV is right.
Question 7.
Match the following:
| Dams | Rivers |
| A. Nagarjuna Sagar | I. Kaveri |
| B. Mettur | II. Damodar |
| C. Bhakra Nangal | III. Krishna |
| D. Panchet | IV. Satluj |
Options:
(a) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
(b) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
(c) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III
(d) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Answer:
(d) A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Question 8.
Which among the following statements is/are correct about plantations? (1)
I. The plantations have a large area and they are usually found in areas of low population density of population.
II. it is capital intensive.
III. The plantation farming has been an agricultural practice primarily in tropical and sub-tropical regions.
Codes
(a) Only I
(b) On1 II
(c) Both II and III
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above
Question 9.
Which among the following is the correct meaning of ‘Alliance’?
(a) Two parties together form the government.
(b) Leftists and Rightists together form the government.
(c) When state and national parties together form the government.
(d) When several parties in a multi-party system join to contest elections and win power.
Answer:
(d) When several parties in a multi-party system join to contest elections and win power.
Question 10.
Identify the region/area of India with the help of the following information. (1)
The Central Government has special powers in running these areas.
These areas are too small to become an independent state.
(a) Towns
(b) Union Territories
(c) District
(d) City
Answer:
(b) Union Territories
Question 11.
Which one among the following pairs is correctly matched?
| List-I | List-II |
| (a) January 1921 | Lahore Congress Session |
| (b) December 1929 | Second Round Table Conference |
| (c) March 1930 | Salt March |
| (d) December 1931 | Khilafat Movement |
Answer:
(c) March 1930 – Salt March
Question 12.
What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? (1)
I. In the federal form of government, the powers are divided between the Central Government and State Governments. Both levels have their areas of jurisdiction. On the other hand, in a unitary form of government, the National Government has all the powers.
Any constitutional power given to the states or regions of the country is dependent on the National Government.
II. In a federal system, a State Government has powers of its own for which it is not answerable to the Central Government.
On the other hand, in a unitary system, the State Government does not have power of its own.
Codes
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) Neither I nor II
(d) Both I and II
Answer:
(d) Both I and II
Question 13.
Which of the following are the main components of a political party?
(a) Leaders
(b) Followers
(c) Active members
(d) All of these
Answer:
(d) All of these
Question 14.
Australia is an example of which type of federation? (1)
(a) Holding-together
(b) Coming-together
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Coming-together
Question 15.
Which of the following belongs to taking a loan from an organised sector?
(a) Bank
(b) Relatives
(c) Local money lenders
(d) Friends
Answer:
(a) Bank
Question 16.
Read the given data and calculate the average income of the family. (1)
| Member 1 | Member 2 | Member 3 | Member 4 | |
| Income (in ₹) | 7000 | 8000 | 10000 | 15000 |
(a) 8000
(b) 9000
(c) 10000
(d) 12000
Answer:
(c) 10000
Question 17.
Complete the table given below:
| Sector | Related Economic Activity |
| Tertiary | Banking |
| Primary | ? |
Options:
(a) Fishing
(b) Weaving
(c) Teaching
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Fishing
Question 18.
Which among the following activities can be included in the primary sector?
(a) Giving loans to the farmer.
(b) Providing storage ci1ity for the grains.
(c) Cultivating sugarcane.
(d) Making sugar from sugarcane.
Answer:
(c) Cultivating sugarcane.
Question 19.
………………………… department measures the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country.
(a) Central Government
(b) Department of External Affairs
(c) Department of Income Affairs
(d) World Trade Organisation (WTO)
Answer:
(a) Central Government
Question 20.
Identify the term which is used for the average income of a person. (1)
(a) Total Income
(b) Per Capita Income
(c) Gross Income
(d) National Income
Answer:
(b) Per Capita Income
Section – B
(Very Short Answer Questions)
Question 21.
Give two examples from history to show the impact of technology on food availability.
Answer:
In the late 19th century, the impact of technology on food availability was multifarious.
- Faster railways, lighter wagons, and larger ships helped move food more cheaply and quickly from faraway farms to final markets.
- Refrigerated ships enabled the transport of perishable foods over long distances.
Question 22.
Comment on Gandhiji’s idea of satyagraha with an example of any regional movements organised by him. (2)
Answer:
Gandhiji’s method of movement and protest based on truth and non-violence was known as satyagraha. The idea of satyagraha emphasised on the power of he truth. As per Gandhiji without being aggressive a satyagrahi could win the battle through non-violence.
One such example of his satyagraha movement was witnessed in 1918 when he went to Ahmedabad to resolve the issue of cotton mill workers.
Question 23.
What is federalism? Explain with an example.
Answer:
Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Usually, a federation has two levels of government. For example, in India, the jurisdictions of the respective levels of government are specified in the Constitution.
Question 24.
Kerala, with lower per capita income, has a better human development ranking than Maharashtra. Hence, the per capita income is not a useful criterion at all and should not be used to compare states. Do you agree? Discuss. (2)
Or
What are the main indicators of economic development? (2)
Answer:
No, I do not agree that mean income or per capita income should not be used to compare states. However, other factors like Infant Mortality Rate. Literacy Rate and Net Attendance Ratio are also very crucial for overall human development. Keeping these factors in mind along with per capita income, Kerala is better than Maharashtra
Or
Economic development can be measured and assessed through various indicators GDP is often used as a primary indicator of economic development and growth. It is the total value of all goods and services produced within a country’s borders in a specific period.
Per capita income is the average income earned per person in a country. It indicates the average standard of living and can be used to compare living standards across different countries.
Section – C
(Short Answer-Based Questions)
Question 25.
Why has the ‘Chota Nagpur Plateau Region’ the maximum concentration of iron and steel industries? Analyse the reasons.
Answer:
The major factors are:
- Availability of raw material: Iron ore, cooking coal and limestone are required in the ratio of approximately 4: 2: 1. All these materials are available in the Chota Nagpur Plateau region.
- Availability of water: Water is provided by Damodar River and its tributaries, which is a perennial source of water.
- Cheap labour: A high density of population provides large and cheap labour force.
Question 26.
Mention the main contents of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru. (3)
Answer:
The main contents of Indian National Congress in December 1929 held under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru were
The Lahore Session of the Congress in 1929 is called the historical session. At this session, the Congress President Jawaharlal Nehru passed a resolution declaring ‘Poorna Swaraj in December 1929. In 1929, Viceroy Lord Irwin announced an uncertain otter of ‘Dominion status’ to India and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future Constitution. The expectations of the Congress were not met by this announcement.
At that time, liberals and moderates in Congress lost their influence, and radicals like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhash Chandra Bose became more assertive in Congress. After declaring Poorna Swaraj’ or complete independence, the Congress declared 26th January 1930 as Independence Day.
Question 27.
Which feature of the Panchayati Raj do you like most and why?
Answer:
Panchayati Raj is a system of governance in which Gram Panchayats are the basic unit of administration.
- Gram Panchayat is a council consisting of several ward members known as Panch and a Sarpanch. They are directly elected by all the adult population living in that ward or village.
- This feature of Gram Panchayat is very significant. People in a particular village elect their representatives who are very much acquainted or familiar with the local issues.
- Thus, they can solve the problem of people easily and effectively. This is the feature which I liked the most in our country of the Panchayati Raj.
Question 28.
Give a brief description of the forest cover in India. (3)
Answer:
As per India State of Report 2021, India’s forest cover is now 7,13,789 square kilometers (21.71% of the country’s geographical area) which is an increase from 67% in 2019. Tree cover has increased by 721 sq km. The states that have shown the highest increase in forest cover are Telangana (3.07%), Andhra Pradesh (2.22%) and Odisha (1.04). Five states in the northeast have shown a loss in forest cover which are Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Area-wise, Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in the country followed by Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Maharashtra.
Question 29.
What is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries? What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
Answer:
The main criterion used by the World Bank to classify different countries is the per capita income of the countries. The countries above a certain level of per capita income are considered as rich countries while the countries below that level are considered poor countries.
There are two limitations to this criterion:
- Firstly, it is very much influenced by the extreme upper and lower values and fails to represent the level of equality of income.
- Secondly, it does not represent the other indicators of quality of life like level of health and education.
Section – D
(Long Answer-Based Questions)
Question 30.
Write a precise note on the following. (2.5 +2.5)
(i) Peasant Movement in Awadh
(ii) Tribal Movements in Gudem Hills region
Or
(i) Highlight the role of poor peasantry in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
(ii) Comment on the role of merchants and industrialists in the Civil Disobedience Movement. (2.5+2.5)
Answer:
(i) In Awadh, the peasant movement developed under the leadership of Baba Ramchandra (a Sanyasi who had earlier been a Fiji as an indentured labourer). This peasant movement demanded reduction of revenue, abolition of beggars and social boycott of oppressive landlords. In many places, nai-dhobi bandhs were organised by Panchayats to deny services to all landlords.
In October, 1920, the Oudh Kisan Sabha was set-up. It was headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, Baba Ramchandra, and a few others. Within a month, over 300 branches of this sabha had been set up in the villages around the region. As the peasant movement spread, the houses of taluqdars (Indian landholders) and merchants were attacked, bazaars were looted and grain hoards were taken over.
(ii) In the Gudem hills of Andhra Pradesh, for instance, militant Guerrilla Movements spread in the early 1920’s. It was not a form of struggle that the Congress could approve. During that time, in the forest regions, the colonial government had closed large forest areas, preventing people from entering the forests to graze their cattle or to collect fuel wood and fruits. This enraged the hill people.
This affected their livelihoods as well as they felt that their traditional rights were being denied to them. When the government began forcing them to contribute beggar for road building, the hill people revolted. The person who came to lead them was Alluri Sitaram Raju. He was inspired by the Non-Cooperation Movement and persuaded people to wear khadi and give up drinking.
On the other hand, he asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force, not non-violence. The Gudem rebels attacked police stations, attempted to kill British officials, and carried on Guerrilla warfare to achieve Swaraj.
Or
(i) The role of poor peasantry in the Civil Disobedience Movement was As the economic depression continued the poor peasants found it difficult to pay the rent. They wanted the unpaid rent to the landlord to be remitted. Thus, they joined a variety of radical movements, often by socialists and communists.
They came in huge numbers to support Gandhiji and his followers. It was because of them that the Civil Disobedience Movement could become a Mass Movement.
They launched a ‘no rent’ campaign but it was not supported by the Congress. So, the relationship between the poor peasant and Congress remained uncertain.
(ii) The role of merchants and industrialists in the Civil Disobedience Movement was They became powerful in society and wanted to expand their business. So, they started opposing colonial policies that restricted their business. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
The industrialists criticized colonial control over the Indian economy and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement at its first stage. Most industrialists thought of ‘Swaraj’ as a time when colonial restrictions did not exist in the business world. As a result, trade and business would flourish without constraints. They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
Question 31.
What is the need for conservation of water resources? Suggest three measure to conserve water resources.
OR
‘Irrigation has changed the cropping pattern of many regions in India.” Analyse the statement.
Answer:
Water is the basic need of the people. It is a natural resource needed by every living being on the globe. It is limited and necessary to conserve it.
Reasons to conserve water can be explained as follows:
- Water resources in India are limited and our population is increasing day by day so the water requirement is also increasing day by day.
- Availability of water in our country is uneven, so it is necessary to make it available to all.
- Water resources are being polluted day by day, especially in the urban areas and are not suitable for drinking purpose.
- It is necessary to conserve water to make it available to all for the continuation of our livelihood and to save our ecosystem as well as human beings.
Measures to Conserve Water Resources:
- Save water, avoid water wastage in domestic as well as at all other levels.
- Recharge groundwater by using rainwater harvesting etc.
- Use drip irrigation and sprinklers methods to irrigate the fields.
OR
- A well-developed irrigation facility reduces the dependence of farmers on monsoons and ensures regular supply of water.
- It ensures installation of tube wells, pumps in the farmlands that enable the farmer to irrigate large portions of land more effectively.
- It also facilitates the construction of dams that help in generating electricity.
- Better irrigation has contributed in the increased production of maize in states like Karnataka. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, and multi-cropping has also become possible due to irrigation.
- Water-intensive cropping is now done in places like Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh region of Rajasthan where the Indira Gandhi Canal has facilitated easier and better irrigation.
Question 32.
How is democracy a better form of government in comparison with other forms of government? Explain. (5)
Or
Democracy is not considered very successful in reducing inequalities. Explain the statement in brief. (5)
Answer:
Democracy is undoubtedly better than other forms of government. We can give the following arguments in its favour Democracy improves the quality of decision-making. Democracy is based on consultation and discussion.
A democratic decision always involves many persons, discussions, and meetings. When several people put their head together, they can point out possible mistakes in my decisions. This takes time but there is a big advantage ¡n taking time over important decisions. This reduces the chances of rash or irresponsible decisions.
Democracy provides a method to deal with differences and conflicts. In any society, people are bound to have differences of opinions and interests. These differences are particularly sharp in a country like ours which has an amazing social diversity.
People belong to different regions, speak different languages, practice different religions and have different castes. They look at the world differently and have different preferences. The preferences of one group can clash with those of other groups.
This conflict can be solved peacefully in a democratic set-up. In democracy, no one is a permanent winner, no one is a permanent loser. Different groups can live with one another peacefully.
Or
In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities. This can be justified in the following ways Democracy does not guarantee economic development. In most of the democracies, a small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and income. For example, in countries like South Africa and Brazil, the top 20% of people take away more than 60% of the national income.
Unfortunately, those who are at the bottom of the society have a very little share (less than 3%) to depend upon. In India, the Elected Government looks reluctant to take the necessary stage or the upliftment of the large section of poor in our society.
In Bangladesh, more than half of its population lives in poverty. People in several poor countries are now dependent on the new countries even for food supplies.
Question 33.
How far is it correct to say that disguised unemployment can also be called underemployment? Explain.
OR
What are the ways to increase employment for the people in rural India?
Answer:
It is a situation in which more workers are working in an activity than required. The people who are engaged in such activity appear to be employed but are not fully employed. For example, if for the cultivation of one-hectare land, 10 workers are required, but instead of 10 workers, 15 workers are working. In this case, 5 workers are disguised as unemployed. In such cases, even if the surplus workers are removed, the production will not suffer. This type of unemployment is found in agriculture and can also be called underemployment because workers perform below their productivity level.
OR
Unemployment is a very serious problem that has been faced by India since the advent of the British and especially since independence. The government has to take many effective steps to increase employment in the country.
Following are the various steps that can be taken by the government to increase employment:
- The government may provide cheap credit facilities to the people so that they can buy the necessary equipment for their occupation. The farmers may build wells or tube wells, buy tractors or other equipment for farming. They may also purchase better seeds, fertilizers, and other nutrients for agriculture. These all are employment-generating effects.
- The government may build better infrastructure in terms of transportation, electricity and communication etc. This will help in better and assured production and easier movement of goods from one place to another. This encourages the farmers and producers to expand the market for their products.
- The government must identify the potential industries in rural areas that may utilize the crops produced there and invite the entrepreneurs to start such industries there.
- The government may improve irrigation facilities so that farmers may harvest two or three crops in a year. This will increase employment.
- The government may initiate some more employment programs that require mental work rather than physical work like elder education programmes etc.
Section – E
(Case-Based Questions)
Question 34.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture. It is also an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British. Today, most of the tea plantations are owned by Indians. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves.
Tea is a labour-intensive industry. It requires abundant cheap and skilled labour. Tea is processed within the tea garden to restore its freshness. Major tea-producing states are Assam, Hills of Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. Apart from these, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Meghalaya, Andhra Pradesh and Tripura are also tea-producing states in the country. In 2015, India was the second largest producer of tea after China.
(i) Who is responsible for introducing tea cultivation in India? What are the required climatic conditions for tea plantations? (1+1)
(ii) State any two advantages of tea industry in Indian economy. (2)
Answer:
(i) The British Government was responsible for introducing tea cultivation In India. Tea requires well-drained soil with high amount of organic matter and pH of 4.5 to 5.5. The performance of tea is excellent at elevations ranging from 1000-2500 m. Optimum temperature is 20-27°C. The nursery soil should be well-drained and deep loam in nature with a pH of 4.5 to 4.8.
(ii) The two advantages of Tea Industry in Indian economy are India is among the top 5 tea exporters in the world making about 10% of the total exports. In the year 2021, the total value of tea exports from India was around US$ 687.9 million. Indian Assam, Darjeeling, and Nilgiri tea are considered one of the finest in the world.
Tea is one of the most important cash crops and plays a significant role in rural development, poverty reduction, and food security in exporting and developing countries It is a principal source of livelihood for millions of smallholder producers.
Question 35.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions.
This type of farming is practiced in areas of high population pressure on land. It is labor-intensive farming, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production. Though the ‘right of inheritance’ leading to the division of land among successive generations has rendered land-holding size uneconomical, the farmers continue to take maximum output from the limited land in the absence of alternative source of livelihood. Thus, there is enormous pressure on agricultural land.
The main characteristic of this type of farming is the use of higher doses of modem inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity. The degree of commercialization of agriculture varies from one region to another. For example, rice is a commercial crop in Haryana and Punjab, but in Odisha, it is a subsistence crop.
Plantation is also a type of commercial farming. In this type of farming, a single crop is grown on a large area. The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using capital-intensive inputs, with the help of migrant labourers. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.
Question 35.1
With what objective ‘Intensive Subsistence Farming’ is practiced?
Answer:
To obtain higher production with the help of high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation.
Question 35.2
Mention any one feature of commercial farming.
Answer:
- Crops are grown specifically for sale in the market.
- Higher doses of modem inputs are used to obtain higher productivity.
Question 35.3
What is plantation farming? Name some important plantation crops which are grown in India.
Answer:
In this type of farming, a single crop is grown in a large area. Tea, coffee, rubber, banana, sugarcane, etc. are important plantation crops in India.
Question 36.
Read the given extract and answer the following questions. Over the forty years between 1973-74 and 2013-14, while production in all three sectors has increased, it has increased the most in the tertiary sector As a result, in the year 2013-14, the tertiary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector. Why is the tertiary sector becoming so important in India? There could be several reasons. First, in any country, several services such as hospitals, educational institutions, post and telegraph services, police stations, courts, village administrative offices, municipal corporations, defence transport, banks, insurance companies, etc, are required. These can be considered as basic services.
In a developing country, the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services. Second, the development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage, and the like, as we have already seen.
The greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, the more would be the demand for such services. Third as income levels rise, certain sections of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools, professional training, etc, You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities. Fourth, over the past decade or so certain new services such as those based on Information and Communication Technology have become essential, The production of these services has been rising rapidly.
(i) What do you understand about the primary sector of an economy? (1)
(ii) What is the reason behind shift in the labour force from primary sector to secondary and tertiary sectors? (2)
(iii) Briefly define the differences between the primary and tertiary sector. (1)
Answer:
(i) The primary sector (or agriculture sector) includes all those economic activities which are connected with extraction and production of natural resources.
(ii) As the economy grows, there is a shift in the labour force from primary sector to the secondary and tertiary sectors. This takes place due to following reasons Increase in demand for goods and services produced by secondary and tertiary sectors. Improved techniques of production in agriculture, leading to less need for human resources in that area.
(iii) The primary sector (or agriculture sector) includes all those economic activities which are connected with extraction and production of natural resources.
On the other hand, the tertiary sector (or service sector) is concerned with providing support services to the primary and secondary sector and includes transport, banking, insurance, warehousing, communication, advertising, etc.
Section – F
(Map Skill-Based Question)
Question 37.
(a) Two places (A) and (B) are marked on the outlined political map of India. Identify these places with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them.
(A) The place associated with the calling off of the Non-Cooperation Movement.
(B) The place where the Civil Disobedience Movement was started.
(b) On the same outline map of India locate and label any three of the following:
(i) A major rice-producing state.
(ii) Sardar Sarovar Dam.
(iii) Mumbai High.
(iv) Rajiv Gandhi International Airport.
Answer:
