NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 16 Garbage In Garbage Out

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Garbage In Garbage Out NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 16

Class 6 Science Chapter 16 Garbage In Garbage Out Exercise Questions and Answers

Question 1.

1. Which kind of garbage is not converted into compost by the redworms?
2. Have you seen any other organism besides redworms, in your pit? If yes, try to find out their names. Draw pictures of these.

Answer :

1. Non-biodegradable garbage which includes polythene bags, broken glass, aluminium wrappers, broken toys, plastic utensils, etc., is not converted into compost by the redworms.
2. Students should try themselves.

Question 2.
Discuss:
(a) Is garbage disposal the responsibility only of the government?
Answer:
No, the garbage disposal is not the responsibility only of the government. It is the responsibility of every citizen.

(b) Is it possible to reduce the problems relating to the disposal of garbage?
Answer:
Yes, it is possible to reduce the problems relating to the disposal of garbage if we use things which can be recycled. We take the example of school.
The waste products present in the garbage of the school are Paper pieces, coverings of toffees, polythene bags, peels of bananas and oranges, pencil flakes, dry leaves etc.

To reduce the amount of garbage in the school papers should not be thrown. The coverings of toffees should not be thrown. The peels of bananas and oranges etc. should be thrown in the green dust bins. The polythene bags and things of plastics and metals should be thrown in the blue dustbins. We should use paper bags instead of polythene bags. The garbage like paper, dry leaves, peels of oranges and bananas, pencil flakes, etc. should be dumped in a pit in the school. After some days manure is formed and the problem of garbage disposal is solved. The garbage of plastics and metals and newspaper is sold for recycling.

Question 3.

1. What do you do with the leftover food at home?
2. If you and your friends are given the choice of eating on a plastic plate or a banana leaf platter at a party, which one would you prefer and why?

Answer:

1. We usually throw the leftover food outside our homes. But kitchen-wastes are biodegradable by microorganisms. So leftover food at home should be dumped into compost pits so that it gets converted into manure after some days.
2. We will prefer a banana leaf platter. This is because a banana leaf platter is biodegradable and adds no problem in disposal while a plastic plate is non-biodegradable and adds a lot of difficulties in the disposal and causes pollution.

Question 4.
(a) Collect pieces of different kinds of paper. Find out which of these can be recycled.
Answer:
Newspaper, magazine papers, used envelopes, notebooks paper, etc. can be recycled. Shiny, plastic-coated paper cannot be recycled.

(b) With the help of a lens look at the pieces of paper you collected for the above question. Do you see any difference in the material of recycled paper and a new sheet of paper?
Answer:
Yes.

Question 5.
(a) Collect different kind of packaging material. What was the purpose for which each one was used? Discuss in groups.
Answer:
Children should discuss in class.

(b) Give an example in which packaging could have been reduced.
Answer:
If instead of making packets of sugar, salt, pulses etc. we can buy them loose in our cloth bag or paper bag.

(c) Write a story on how packaging increases the amount of garbage.
Answer:
Packaging increases the amount of garbage because after use we throw the packaging material. Most of the packaging material cannot be converted into compost etc. Hence we are increasing the amount of garbage.

Question 6.
Do you think it is better to use compost instead of chemical fertilisers? Why?
Answer:
Yes. Compost is better to use instead of chemical fertilizers because

1. Compost is eco-friendly while chemical fertilizers destroy the natural composition of soil and have an adverse effect on human health.
2. The production of compost is cheap, easy, and harmless while that of chemical fertilizers is costlier, problem making, i.e., adds pollution to the environment.

Class 6 Science Chapter 16 Garbage In Garbage Out InText Questions and Answers

Activity 1

Collect the garbage from your house before it is thrown into the dustbin. Separate it into two groups, so that they have :
Group 1: Garbage from the kitchen-like fruit and vegetable peels, eggshells waste food, tea leaves. Include newspapers, dry leaves, and paper bags in this group.

Group 2: Pieces of cloth, polythene bags, broken glass, aluminium wrappers, nails, old shoes, and broken toys.
Now divide the contents of each group into two separate heaps. Label them as A, B. Put one heap from group 1 and one heap from group 2 into two separate plastic bags. Tie the mouth of these two bags tightly. Put all the two heaps in separate pits and cover them with soil (Fig. 16.1.) You can also use two pots to bury these garbage heaps.

Remove the soil after four days and observe the changes in the garbage. The black colour and no foul smell indicate that the rotting of garbage is complete. Put the heaps again in the pits and cover with the soil. Observe again after every two days and note your observations as suggested. Did the garbage:

1. Rot completely and not smell?
2. Rot only partially?
3. Rot almost completely, but still, smells bad?
4. Not change at all?

Garbage in which heap was seen to rot and which did not?
Enter options (i), (ii), (iii), or (iv) in the columns of table 16.1 based on your observation.

Garbage Heap	After 4 days	After 6 days	After 2 weeks	After 4 weeks
A
B

Answer:

Garbage Heap	After 4 days	After 6 days	After 2 weeks	After 4 weeks
A	(ii)	(ii)	(iii)	(i)
B	(iv)	(iv)	(iv)	(iv)

Activity 2

Let us dig a pit ( about 30 cm deep) or keep a wooden box at a place, which is neither too hot nor too cold. Spread a net or chicken mesh at the bottom of the pit or the box. You can also spread a 1 or 2 cm thick layer of sand as an alternative. Now, spread some vegetable wastes including peels of fruits over this layer of sand. One can also use green leaves, pieces of dried stalks of plants, husk, or pieces of newspaper or cardboard to spread over the layer of sand.

Dried animal dung could also be used as a spread over sand or wire mesh. Sprinkle some water to make this layer wet. Take care not to use excess water. Do not press the layer of waste. Keep this layer loose so that it has sufficient air and moisture. Now, your pit is ready to welcome the red-worms. Buy some red-worms and put them in your pit (Fig. 16.2). Cover them loosely with a gunny bag or an old sheet of cloth or a layer of grass.

Red-worms are given vegetable and fruit wastes, coffee and tea remain, and weeds from the fields or garden. Once in a few days, gently mix and move the top layers of your pet. Observe the contents of the pit carefully after 3-4 weeks. Do you now see loose, soil-like material in the pit?
Answer:
Yes, we see loose, soil-like material in the pit. It is vermicompost.