CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 English Core Paper 4
Board | CBSE |
Class | XII |
Subject | English Core |
Sample Paper Set | Paper 4 |
Category | CBSE Sample Papers |
Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 4 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Englsih Core is given below with free PDF download solutions.
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 100
General Instructions
- This paper is divided into three sections: A, B and C. All the sections are compulsory.
- Separate instructions are given with each section and question, wherever necessary. Read these instructions very carefully and follow them faithfully.
- Do not exceed the prescribed Word limit while answering the questions.
SECTION A
READING (30 MARKS)
Question 1.
Read the following passage carefully. (12 Marks)
1. In 1582, King Philip II of Spain received a letter from the Mughal Emperor Akbar of India. Akbar wrote: “As most men are fettered by bonds of tradition, and by imitating ways followed by their fathers… everyone continues, without investigating their arguments and reasons, to follow the religion in which he was born and educated, thus excluding himself from the possibility of ascertaining the truth, which is the noblest aim of the human intellect. Therefore we associate at convenient seasons with learned men of all religions, thus deriving profit from their exquisite discourses and exalted aspirations.”
2. Akbar the Great chided Philip for the anti-Protestant excesses of the Spanish Counter¬reformation. Spain’s Catholic inquisitors had by this time mostly rid the country of Muslims and Jews, so turned their murderous attentions to Protestant Christians instead, particularly in Spanish-ruled Holland.
3. Although Philip II did not heed Akbar’s call for religious tolerance, it is indicative of the Mughal emperor’s attitudes towards people of other faiths.
4. Akbar is also renowned for his patronage of the arts and sciences. Miniature painting, weaving, book-making, metallurgy, and technological innovations all flourished under his reign.
Who was this emperor, famed for his wisdom and goodness? How did he become one of the greatest rulers in world history?
5. Akbar was born to the second Mughal Emperor Humayun and his teenaged bride Hamida Banu Begum on October 14, 1542 in Sindh, now in Pakistan. Although his ancestors included both Genghis Khan and Timur (Tamerlane), the family was on the run after losing Babur’s newly established empire. Humayun would not regain northern India until 1555.
With his parents in exile in Persia, little Akbar was raised by his uncle in Afghanistan, with help from a series of nursemaids. He practiced key skills like hunting, but never learned to read. Nonetheless, throughout his life, Akbar had texts on philosophy, history, religion, science and other topics read to him, and could recite long passages of what he had heard from memory.
6. In 1555, Humayun died just months after retaking Delhi. Akbar ascended the Mughal throne at the age of 13, and became Shahanshah (‘King of Kings’). His regent was Bayram Khan, his childhood guardian and an outstanding warrior/statesman.
7. The young emperor almost immediately lost Delhi once more to the Hindu leader Hemu. However, in November of 1556, Generals Bayram Khan and Khan Zaman I defeated Hemu’s much larger army at the Second Battle of Panipat. Hemu himself was shot through the eye as he rode into battle atop an elephant; the Mughal army captured and executed him.
8. When he came of age at 18, Akbar dismissed the increasingly overbearing Bayram Khan and took direct control of the empire and army. Bayram was ordered to make the hajj to Mecca; instead, he started a rebellion against Akbar. The young emperor’s forces defeated Bayram’s rebels at Jalandhar, in the Punjab; rather than executing the rebel leader, Akbar mercifully allowed his former regent another chance to go to Mecca. This time, Bayram Khan went.
9. Although he was out from under Bayram Khan’s control, Akbar still faced challenges to his authority from within the palace. The son of his nursemaid, a man called Adham Khan, killed another adviser in the palace after the victim discovered that Adham was embezzling tax funds. Enraged both by the murder and by the betrayal of his trust, Akbar had Adham Khan thrown from the parapets of the castle. From that point forward, Akbar was in control of his court and country, rather than being a tool of palace intrigues.
I. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option. (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)
(а) According to Akbar one can ascertain the truth if one:
- breaks the bond of tradition.
- uses reason.
- questions the way one has been brought up to think.
- all of the above.
(b) Philip-II was:
- Jew.
- Protestant Christian.
- Catholic.
- Muslim.
(c) Akbar wrote to Phillip II:
- to congratulate him for winning a war.
- to urge him to be tolerant of other religions.
- Philip was reforming the country.
- he was trying to conquer Holland.
(d) Akbar ordered Bayram Khan to make the Hajj as:
- Akbar wanted to punish him.
- Bayram had become overbearing.
- Bayram was not interested in war any more.
- both (i) and (ii).
II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 5 = 5 Marks)
(e) What according to Akbar was the noblest aim of intellect?
(f) Whom was Philip-II executing and why?
(g) What was Akbar’s approach towards Arts and Sciences?
(h) Which incident proves that Akbar was a kind ruler?
(i) Who was Adham khan? Why did Akbar execute him?
III. Find words from the passage which mean the same as: (1 × 3 = 3 Marks)
(a) rebuked (para 2)
(b) pinpointing (para 3)
(c) stealing (para 9)
Question 2.
Read the following passage carefully. (10 Marks)
1. Basset Harrowcluff returned to the home of his fathers, after an absence of four years, distinctly well pleased with himself. He was only thirty-one, but he had put in some useful service in an out-of-the-way, though not unimportant, comer of the world. He had quieted a province, kept open a trade route, enforced the tradition of respect which is worth the ransom of many kings in out-of-the-way regions, and done the whole business on rather less expenditure than would be requisite for organising a charity in the home country. In Whitehall and places where they think, they doubtless thought well of him. It was not inconceivable, his father allowed himself to imagine, that Basset’s name might figure in the next list of Honours.
2. Basset was inclined to be rather contemptuous of his half-brother, Lucas, whom he found feverishly engrossed in the same medley of elaborate futilities that had claimed his whole time and energies, such as they were, four years ago, and almost as far back before that as he could remember. It was the contempt of the man of action for the man of activities, and it was probably reciprocated. Lucas was an over-well nourished individual, some nine years Basset’s senior, with a colouring that would have been accepted as a sign of intensive culture in an asparagus, but probably meant in this case mere abstention from exercise. His hair and forehead furnished a recessional note in a personality that was in all other respects obtrusive and assertive. There was certainly no Semitic blood in Lucas’s parentage, but his appearance contrived to convey at least a suggestion of Jewish extraction. Clovis Sangrail, who knew most of his associates by sight, said it was undoubtedly a case of protective mimicry.
3. Two days after Basset’s return, Lucas frisked in to lunch in a state of twittering excitement that could not be restrained even for the immediate consideration of soup, but had to be verbally discharged in spluttering competition with mouthfuls of vermicelli.
“I’ve got hold of an idea for something immense,” he babbled, “Something that is simply It.”
4. Basset gave a short laugh that would have done equally well as a snort, if one had wanted to make the exchange. His half-brother was in the habit of discovering futilities that were ‘simply It’ at frequently recurring intervals. The discovery generally meant that he flew up to town, preceded by glowingly-worded telegrams, to see someone connected with the stage or the publishing world, got together one or two momentous luncheon parties, flitted in and out of‘Gambrinus’ for one or two evenings, and returned home with an air of subdued importance and the asparagus tint slightly intensified. The great idea was generally forgotten a few weeks later in the excitement of some new discovery.
[An Extract from Cousin Teresa, by H.H. Munro iSAKI)]
I. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)
(a) Basset was truly a man of action as he:
- had quieted a province.
- had kept open a trade route.
- had enforced military action.
- both (i) and (iv).
(b) Basset disliked Lucas as:
- Lucas was his half brother.
- He liked asparagus.
- he threw silly luncheon parties.
- both (i) and (iii).
II. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible. (1 × 6 = 6 Marks)
(c) Why did people think well of Basset?
(d) What was Lucas’ appearance like?
(e) How did Lucas behave at luncheon one day?
(f) What would Lucas do after he made one of his discoveries?
(g) What would be Lucas’ demeanor after he returned home from town?
(h) What happened to his ideas eventually?
III. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following. (1 × 2 = 2 Marks)
(a) unimaginable (para 1)
(b) absorbed (para 2)
Question 3.
Read the following passage carefully. (8 Marks)
Komodo dragons are the largest living lizards in the world. They are identified by their massive size, flat heads, bowed legs and long, thick tails. The name comes from rumors that a dragon-like creature lived on the Indonesian island of Komodo. No Western scientists had seen a Komodo dragon until 1912, according to the San Diego Zoo. Local people call them “ora,” or “land crocodile.”
The average size of a male Komodo dragon is 8 to 9 feet and about 200 lbs., according to the Smithsonian National Zoological Park, but they can reach a whopping 10 feet (3 meters) in length. Females grow to 6 feet (1.8 m).
Komodos come in a variety of colors, including blue, orange, green and gray. Their skin is rough and durable, reinforced with bony plates called osteoderms. They have long claws and a large, muscular tail.
Komodos have good vision; they can see objects as far away as 985 feet (300 m), according to the Smithsonian Zoo. They are also speedy. They can run briefly up to 13 mph (20 kph) but refer to hunt by stealth — waiting for hours until prey cross their path.
Their sense of smell is their primary food detector, however. According to the Smithsonian Zoo, Komodo dragons, like snakes, use their forked tongues to sample the air, and then touch the tongue to the roof of their mouth, where special organs analyze the airborne molecules. If the left tongue tip has more concentrated “smell,” the dragon knows that their prey is approaching from the left.
Komodos are very rare and are found in the wild only on five islands: the Lesser Sunda Islands of Komodo, Rinca, Gili Montang and Gili Dasami — all within Komodo National Park — and the island of Flores, where the Komodo roams freely.
The lizard’s habitat can be anything from a tropical dry forest to a savanna to a deciduous monsoon forest. No matter where they live, the Komodo likes extreme heat. It is usually around 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius) with 70-percent humidity on the islands of Indonesia, according to the San Diego Zoo.
Komodos have dual-purpose homes. To stay warm at night, they make or find burrows to nestle down in. During the day the same burrow keeps them cool.
Komodo dragons are carnivores, meaning they eat meat. They are such fierce hunters they can eat very large prey, such as large water buffalo, deer, carrion, pigs and even humans. They will also eat smaller dragons. They can eat 80 percent of their body weight in one feeding, according to the National Geographic.
The Komodo has a unique way of killing its prey. First, it springs up and knocks the prey over with its huge feet. Then they use their sharp, serrated teeth — which are a lot like a shark’s — to shred their prey to death. If the prey escapes, it will die within 24 hours of blood poisoning because the Komodo’s saliva contains 50 strains of bacteria, according to National Geographic. With its fantastic sense of smell, the Komodo will find the dead animal and finish its meal.
A. On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it, using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary—minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5 Marks)
B. Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 Marks)
SECTION B
ADVANCE WRITING SKILLS (30 MARKS)
Question 4.
You are Vineet/Vineeta, Head Girl/Head Boy of Vivekananda Public School. Your school is going to organize an inter-school festival of competitions-Expressions. Write a notice in about 50 words informing the students about the same and inviting anchors to host various competitions. (4 Marks)
OR
You are Arpan/Arpana. Yesterday, during Metro travel you misplaced your notes on Chemistry. You want to get them back. Write a suitable advertisement in about 50 words to be published in The Times of India’s Lost & Found section.
Question 5.
India is considered a medical hub where patients receive treatment at the fraction of the cost. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily expressing your views about the same in 120-150 words. You are Vineet/Vineeta, living at M-114, Sector 9, Faridabad. (6 Marks)
OR
You recently bought a microwave oven from Alankar Digital, Sector 9, Faridabad. Within one month of the purchase, faults have developed in the oven. Write a letter of complaint to the Manager of the shop in 120-150 words. You are Simran/ Sham of M-114, Sector 9, Faridabad.
Question 6.
Crime has taken deep roots in India. It needs to be dealt strongly and firmly. Write an article on the ‘Rising Crime in India’ in 150-200 words. You are Reema/ Rupesh, a concerned citizen. (10 Marks)
OR
Rivers are revered in India. Yet they are in a pathetic state. Every day they are callously polluted by refuse and effluents from factories. Write an article in 150-200 words on ‘Need to Clean Rivers’. You are Ankit/Alisha, a concerned citizen.
Question 7.
You are Kamal/Kiyara. You recently visited the Handicraft Fair in Noida Stadium. Write a report in 150-200 words on the fair. (10 Marks)
OR
You are Sunil/Sneha. You have to participate in a debate on the motion ‘Homework is a Burden ’. Write this debate in 150-200 words.
SECTION C
TEXTBOOKS AND EXTENDED READING TEXT (40 MARKS)
Question 8.
Read the following extract carefully and answer the questions that follow: (1 × 4 = 4 Marks)
A thing of beauty is a joy for ever:
Its loveliness increases; it will never
Pass into nothingness; but still will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing.
(a) What is Keats view of beautiful things?
(b) How does the loveliness of beautiful things increases with time.
(c) What does the word ‘bower’ suggest to you?
(d) How does beauty benefit man?
OR
If we were not so single-minded
about keeping our lives moving,
and for once could do nothing,
perhaps a huge silence
might interrupt this sadness
(a) What is man single-minded about and why?
(b) How will doing nothing help man?
(c) Explain the reference to ‘huge silence’.
(d) Does being single-minded make man sad? How?
Question 9.
Answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each: (3 × 4 = 12 Marks)
(a) Why has the mother been compared to ‘late winter’s moon’ in ‘My Mother and Sixty- six’?
(b) Which ‘tales’ does the poet refer to in ‘A Thing of Beauty’?
(c) Why didn’t Sophie want Jansie to know about her story with Danny?
(d) What did the peddler think of the world and its people?
(e) Why was Dr. Sadao kept in Japan and not sent abroad with the troops?
(f) “Now I was only one of many little animals driven by a herder.” Why did the narrator feel so?
Question 10.
Mention the facts that compelled Gandhi to decide to urge the departure of the British from India? In doing so how did he uphold the value of independence? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
‘Child labour is a curse on childhood’. Justify the title of the lesson, ‘Lost Spring’ in the light of this observation. (120-150 words)
Question 11.
Both the units of ‘Memories of Childhood’ present autobiographical episodes from the lives of two women from ‘Marginalised communities’. Describe the main issues raised as well as the common features highlighted in them. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
How did the hundredth tiger take its revenge upon the Tiger .King? (120-150 words)
Question 12.
Describe the interaction between Marvel and the elderly mariner. (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
How does Eliot contrasts the progress of Godfrey and Silas in the novel Silas Mamer. (120-150 words)
Question 13.
What did the letter from Griffin convey to Dr. Kemp? How did Dr. Kemp react to it? (120-150 words) (6 Marks)
OR
In Silas Mamer, what hold does Dunstan have over Godfrey Cass? How does he use this hold? (120-150 words)
ANSWERS
Answer 1.
I. (a) (iv) all of the above.
(b) (iii) a Catholic.
(c) (ii) to urge him to be tolerant of other religions.
(d) (iv) both (i) and (ii).
II. (e) According to Akbar the noblest aim of intellect was to know the truth.
(f) Philip II was executing Jews, Muslims and protestants as he was carrying on a counter reformation movement.
(g) Akbar had great interest in arts and science. Miniature painting, weaving, book-making, metallurgy, and technological innovations all flourished under his reign.
(h) Even though Bayram Khan rebelled against Akbar, defying his orders to leave for Mecca, Akbar was merciful and gave him another chance to go there for Hajj.
(i) Adham Khan was the son of Akbar’s nursemaid. Akbar had him thrown down the parapet of the castle when he found him guilty of embezzling funds and murdering his advisor.
III. (a) chided (b) indicative (c) embezzling
Answer 2.
(a) (iv) both (i) and (iii).
(b) (iv) both (i) and (iv).
(c) Basset was only thirty-one, but had achieved much. He had put in some useful service in an out-of-the-way, though not unimportant, corner of the world. He had quieted a province, kept open a trade route.
(d) Lucas was an over-well nourished. His hair was receding.
(e) Lucas frisked In to lunch in a state of twittering excitement. He could not contain it and spoke between mouthfuls of vermicelli.
(f) His discovery generally meant that he flew up to town, after glowingly- worded telegrams, to see someone connected with the stage or the publishing world, got together one or two momentous luncheon parties.
(g) He returned home with an air of subdued importance.
(h) His great idea was generally forgotten a few weeks later in the excitement of some new discovery.
III. (a) inconcievable (b) engrossed
Answer 3.
A. TITLE: The Giant Komodo
NOTES :
1. Introduction:
- largest living liz
- live on the Indonesian island of Komodo
- local people call them ‘ora’
- average size 8 to 9 feet
- weighs 200 lbs
- poisonous saliva
- keen smell sense
2. Skin and color:
- blue, orange, green and gray
- rough
- bony plates called osteoderms.
3. Habitat:
- a tropical dry forest to a savanna to a deciduous monsoon forest
- likes extrm heat
4. Diet:
- carni
- eat prey larger than themslv.
5. How it preys:
- springs up, knocks prey over with feet
- shred their prey to death with sertd teeth
Key to Abbreviations
liz : lizard
extrm : extreme
carni : carnivorous
themslv : themselves
sertd : serrated
B. SUMMARY
Komodo lizard called the ‘ora’ is found in the Indonesian island of Komodo. It grows up to 8-9 feet and can weigh up to 200 lbs. It has a keen sense of smell and poisonous saliva. Its skin may be blue, orange and is rough. It is reinforced by bony plates called osteoderms. Komodo is carnivorous and can prey on animals larger than themselves. To kill its prey it springs and knocks it down. Then it shreds the prey using its serrated teeth. It loves extreme heat and humidity.
Answer 4.
Answer 5.
M-114, Sector-9
Faridabad
20th March, 20××
The Times of India
Delhi
Sub: Advanced Medical treatments at a low cost in India
Dear Sir/Madam
Healthcare in India is developing rapidly. Medical treatments in India are done at the lowest expense in Asian regions and the techniques in hospitals are most advanced.
Merits for healthcare tourism industry in India, embrace compact costs, the accessibility of most up-to-date medical technology, and a rising compliance of worldwide excellence standards, and comparatively low language obstacle in India.
A visa-on-arrival proposal for tourists from chosen nations has been instituted which permits foreign nationals to reside in India for thirty days for medical reasons.
The most sought after medical treatment, which are done on tourists in India are bone- marrow transplant, knee transplant, eye surgery, cosmetic surgery, alternative medicine, hip transplant, to name a few.
India is the mainstream alternative that provides an inclusive solution for all types of medical needs and provides world class services with improved amenities and proficient skills.
The government should do all it takes to promote medical tourism in India.
Thank you
Yours truly
Vineeta
OR
M-114, Sector-9
Faridabad
1st September, 20××
The Manager
Alankar Digital
Sector 9
Faridabad
Sub: Fault in microwave
Dear Sir/Madam
I recently bought a microwave oven of Samsung, model number EQ4521 from your shop on 28th July. I am quiet disappointed to say that within one month of the purchase, faults have developed in the oven.
I have been a loyal customer of yours for the last four years . Unfortunately, this time I am dissatisfied with the service you have provided. The microwave has not performed as it should have done. It has failed to start on numerous occasions, spends a lot of electricity and never heat meals properly. Often its digital panel goes blank.
As it is still under guarantee I request you to repair the microwave at no cost or refund my money. I attach a copy of my receipt and the warranty card for your information.
I look forward to your immediate response. You may contact me at 54689715.
Yours truly
Simaran
Answer 6.
Rising Crime in India
By Reena
India is witnessing rapid rise in crime. Aspirations for status elevation have increased in recent years. A number of people have adopted malpractices to acquire high status. Economic unevenness among different sections of society has been caused partly by the social heritage of the people and partly by the processes of modernisation and change. Power has also become a source of crime for the privileged sections of society. There is a tendency among powerful persons to abuse their influence and authority. Several cases of rape and murder have been reported by wards of influential persons
The Police Research and Development Bureau has reported murder, homicide, adulteration of medicines, abduction, rape and dacoity, This does not mean that all criminals are necessarily at the bottom of social and economic hierarchies. Economic offences and crimes are committed more often by the economically well-off and well-placed people in society.
One of the major reasons of rising crime is lack of swift action against crime. The police and the law are slow to react and often crime goes unpunished. This inspires disgust and disrespect for these two enforcement agencies.
Moral education should be made mandatory in schools and colleges so that people are regularly reminded of what is the right way to live.
OR
Need to Clean Rivers
By Ankit
Rivers are regarded as the source of life and a lifeline to many people. But in this modem era with a lot of advancements, humans are indeed misusing this natural resource.
Often referred to as ‘Holy Ganga’ this river is no longer holy when it comes to pollution. Ganga has crossed the WHO’s permissible limits in pollution levels. Industrial wastes, mixtures of chemicals, heavy metals are all discharged in water and these are difficult to clean up.
The main cause of river pollution is the discharge of industrial effluents and human waste due to the increasing population density. Water pollution has crossed all limits. Agricultural wastes, chemicals, feritilisers, pesticides have made the rivers contaminated. People choosing to answer nature’s call in the river is yet another reason for the pollution of the rivers. Waste from factories is thoughtlessly dumped in the rivers.
It’s a sad state for most of the rivers in India. Human recklessness is making the river water useless not only for drinking but also for bathing and agricultural needs. It will be an uphill task to clean these rivers. The governments have been mulling for a long time on the strategy to clean rivers but a solution is still not within sight.
Answer 7.
Handicraft Fair Held in Noida Stadium
By Kiyara
October 25 Noida: A Handicraft Fair, Shilpotsava, was held in Noida stadium on 23 and 24 October, 20xx. It was organized by the district authorities to encourage cottage industries. The District Magistrate, PK Lahiri and the local artists took keen interest and put up a very good show.
The exhibition was held in the vast grounds of the stadium. A temporary fence was erected on all sides and temporary stalls were built to accommodate exhibits of different articles. Specimens of local pottery and tableware were exhibited. There were pots made by rustic artisans. There were textile like cotton, tussar, synthetic textiles which drew a large number of people. Their delicacy of texture and fine finish was astonishing. Besides these, carpets, durries, handmade quilts, cushion covers and sweaters were also on sale. There was a large crowd at the food court which drew one and all.
The DM, Mr. Lahiri said, “I am very happy to see the people’s response to this annual event”.
OR
Respected judges, I stand before you to argue against the motion that homework is a burden. I strongly feel that it is not.
I know some students think that the homework is burden but as a student I think that it is not a burden. Homework is given to students for revising the topics which were taught to them in school. Children can’t remember everything so it is necessary to revise subjects for exams. Homework helps one to understand the expectations of them and it is better to start being accountable at a young age than to try to learn the work ethic later in life when bad habits may already have set in. If your boss gives you work, will it be a burden? It’s your responsibility to finish up the work as an employee. Likewise, if you are a student, then it’s your responsibility to complete your work. In my opinion as well as my experience, if you only listen to teachers while they are teaching, and then you do nothing, you will forget about 70 percent of the subject. Homework helps student to understand better and remember more about the subject. Remember ‘Practice makes a man perfect’.
Thank you!
Answer 8.
(a) According to Keats, the imprint of beauty lives with man forever and never fades.
(b) One can relive the beautiful things in one’s imagination and thus its fascination and joy increases with time.
(c) ‘Bower’ is a cool shady and soothing place created by an overhanging creeper or tree. Here it is suggestive of the relaxation that things of beauty afford man.
(d) Beautiful things remove stress, give sound sleep, health and peace of mind.
OR
(a) Man is single-minded about progress and pursuing his materialistic goals.
(b) Doing nothing will give man some leisure time to introspect about his goals and change for the better.
(c) Huge silence will be the result of mankind’s decision to be still and silent to achieve the moments of introspection.
(d) Since the single-mindedness about progress is creating wars and deteriorating nature, man has reason to be sad. He needs to modify his lifestyle to live in harmony with nature and not be at war with it.
Answer 9.
(a) The mother has been compared to the late winter’s moon which is dull and dim. It symbolizes the ebbing of life. Winter is metaphorically seen as the last phase of man’s life. The mother like the late winter’s moon is pale and dismal.
(b) The poet refers to the lovely tales of mighty men which are truly beautiful stories that we have either heard or read. These tales are beautiful since they make us happy and calm. Each time we recall these stories, we feel our problems lifted, minds refreshed and life moving happily in spite of all disturbances.
(c) Sophie didn’t want Jansie to know about her encounter with Danny because she feared that Jansie would spread her story to the whole neighbourhood. Jansie was talkative. Sophie feared through her talking the news would reach her father and there would be a row as her father disdained her predeliction for creating ‘wild stories’.
(d) The peddler didn’t think kindly of the world and its people. For him the world was a big rattrap to trap the people in. The world had been very unkind to him. So it gave him a great pleasure to think ill of it. People keep on circling around the bait and get
(e) Dr. Sadao was a famous surgeon and a scientist. He was perfecting a major discovery which would render wounds entirely clean. There was another reason of keeping Sadao in Japan. The old general might need an operation. Dr. Sadao’s services were needed at any time. Hence, he was not sent abroad with troops.
(f) The narrator was an American Native Indian. Among her people, young girls wore long and heavy hair. She loved her distinct cultural identity. Her long and beautiful hair was shingled against her wish. She lost her identity. Since she had no rights and dignity she was like one of the little animals driven by a herder.
Answer 10.
The author visited the ashram of Gandhi in Sevagram in 1942. In 1917 it came to his mind to urge the departure of the British. In December 1916, Gandhi had gone to attend the national convention of the Indian National Congress in Lucknow. There came Rajkumar Shukla a poor sharecropper from Champaran to complain to Gandhi about the injustice of the landlords in Bihar. At his vehement insistence, Gandhi went there and saw the poor peasants in pitiable and exploitative conditions. This episode moved in Gandhi and he decided that the British must quit India. Gandhi was convinced that independence was man’s fundamental right and Indians could not be deprived of it any longer. Thus he started urging the British to leave India. The triumph of the Champaran case gave fillip to the Civil Disobedience Movement.
OR
‘Lost Spring’ of Anees Jung describes two stories of stolen childhood. Millions of children in India, instead of spending their days in schools and playgrounds waste their childhood in ragpicking or hazardous industries. Childhood is the spring of life. But millions of unfortunate children like Saheb and Mukesh waste this spring either in the garbage of Seemapuri or in the blast furnaces of Firozabad. Their best part of life, their childhood is lost to the demands of survival. They live far from the benefits of education, good nutrition, exposure and have become marginalized. They are also victimized by traditional ideas of their parents who do not think of giving their children a better life. Thus children are the worst sufferers of poverty, illiteracy and this has robbed them of their childhood. Hence, the title is quite apt and logical.
Answer 11.
The lesson ‘Memories of Childhood’ presents autobiographical episodes from the lives of two women. They highlight the plight of ‘the marginalised communities’. The people of these communities do not receive honour and dignity. In ‘The Cutting of My Long Hair’ an Indian girl suffered extreme indignities. She tried to maintain her identity and her distinct culture. She liked to wear, long and thick hair. But the ‘paleface woman’ and others dragged her out. They tied her fast in a chair and gnawed off her long hair. In “We too Are Human Beings’, Bama, a Tamil Dalit writer presents the struggle of a girl of a low caste. She studies hard and stands first in the class. She attains equality, and honour. The most common feature of both these episodes is the struggle and fight against racial and social discrimination. They don’t take oppression, exploitation and injustice meekly but use education as a tool to spread awareness about the ills of discrimination.
OR
The Tiger King believed that he had killed hundred tigers. The dewan decided that a wooden toy-tiger was a perfect gift for the third birthday of the king’s son. One day he was playing with that wooden tiger. One of the slivers pierced the Maharaja’s right hand. Infection spread all over the arm. Three surgeons performed an operation but couldn’t save the King. The superstitious and foolish king had wantonly killed so many innocent tigers. They had to give up their life for the insane wish of the king. The king was not mindful of how he was snatching the right of the poor tigers to live unharmed on earth. It was fitting that the king should be punished for it. Providence took care of this and the king died apparently accidently. Thus, the hundredth tiger took its revenge.
Answer 12.
Marvel arrived in Port Stowe and was resting on a bench. An elderly mariner, carrying a newspaper sat down beside him. Citing the paper, the mariner brought up the topic of the Invisible Man. The newspaper reported that the Invisible Man had inflicted injuries on a constable at Iping. Certain evidence indicated that he took the road to Port Stowe. The mariner pondered the strange things that the Invisible Man might do. He could trespass or rob people. Marvel began to confide in the mariner, saying that he knew some things about the Invisible Man. Suddenly, Marvel was interrupted by an attack of some kind of pain. It was inflicted by the Invisible Man. Marvel made an excuse that it was a toothache and added that the Invisible Man was a hoax. Then Marvel began to move off walking sideways with violent forward jerks. The mariner blamed him for playing silly games with him.
OR
Godfrey is Eppie’s natural father but he neglects his duty to her. First of all he is at his parental home, leaving Eppie with a mother who takes drugs. When Molly comes to Raveloe to reveal their marriage he is relieved about her death and does not acknowledge his child. This behaviour underlines his moral weakness. His motivation is his desire to win Nancy, but ironically his failure to tell the truth is rewarded by a childless marriage. By contrast, Silas embraces the idea of fatherhood, and with Dolly’s guidance, makes a success of it. His reward is to discover a happiness that far outweighs any gold coins he had lost.
Both men are victims of Dunstan. If Silas had not been out when Dunstan came to the cottage, Dunstan would have bullied him into giving him a “loan”. The theft takes everything from Silas. Godfrey is also blackmailed by Dunstan until Molly dies.
Answer 13.
Griffin wrote a letter to Kemp and conveyed that the reign of terror was beginning and that Kemp himself would be the first execution for the sake of example. Port Burdock was no longer under the Queen of England and it was under him. This was the day one of of new epoch – the epoch of the Invisible Man. He was Invisible Man, the First. Kemp might take precautions, but nothing would save him. Death would starts from the pillar¬box by midday. The letter would fall in as the postman came along. The game had begun. Death had started. After reading the letter, Kemp secured all the entrances to his house. He also had a plan in mind -he would be the ‘ bait’ and lead Griffin to follow him to the thoroughfare of Burdock where he was hopeful of getting help to nab Griffin.
OR
Dunstan holds Godfrey’s secret marriage to Molly Farren over his head. Dunstan is able to blackmail Godfrey into doing his bidding. He threatens that he would expose the secret marriage to their father, Squire Cass.
Godfrey loves his reputation. He wishes to marry the beautiful Nancy Lammeter also. So, he is desperate to hide his marriage to Molly. In fact, it is Dunstan himself who had goaded Godfrey into marrying Molly. Thus Dunstan ensured that the ball would always be in his court when it came to dealing with Godfrey.
In one of his blackmail attempts, Dunstan threatens to expose Godfrey if he refuses to pay back a hundred pounds in rent money Dunstan had appropriated. This put Godfrey in a difficult position with their father.
Godfrey enjoys his comfortable existence too much to risk exposure, and eventually agrees to let Dunstan sell his prized horse, Wildfire, to raise the money due to his father.
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