Goa Board Class 8 Solutions for Geography – Industries (English Medium)
Page No. 63:
Question 1:
Answer the following questions.
- What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
- What are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
- Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
- Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
- What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?
Solution :
- The term ‘industry’ implies an economic activity involving goods production, mineral extraction or provision of consumer services.
- Several factors determine the particular location of an industry. They include:
– Transport facilities
– Provision of capital
– Availability of land
– Availability of raw material
– Water availability
– Labour supply
– Power provision
– Presence of market - The iron and steel industry is said to be the backbone of the modern industry. It is seen as a ‘feeder industry’ whose products get used as raw materials in other industrial units. Almost everything that humans use is either made of iron or steel, or is produced by making use of tools and machinery made of these metals.
- The cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in erstwhile Bombay for several reasons. The climate of Mumbai is warm and moist which is perfect for spinning and weaving. The city also has an excellent sea port. Furthermore, abundant raw material and skilled labour was available in Mumbai.
- Following are the points of similarity between the information technology industry in Bangalore and California:
– Presence of high quality educational institutions and scientific and technological research centers.
– Presence of skilled and trained workforce.
– Access to major markets.
– Well developed civil infrastructure.
– Pleasant and clean surroundings.
Question 2:
Solution :
Question 3:
Distinguish between the following
(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry
Solution :
(i)
Agro-based Industries |
Mineral-based Industries |
These use plant and animal products as raw material. | These use minerals ores as raw material. |
Mainly these provide employment to the rural households. | Provide employment for rural as well as urban households. |
Examples include the cotton textile industry, dairy industry, etc. | Examples include iron and steel industry, copperware industry, etc. |
(ii)
Public-sector Industries |
Joint-sector Industries |
Public sector companies are owned and operated by the government. | These industries are jointed owned and operated by the government and an individual or a group of individuals. |
Examples include Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Defence Research and Development Organisation. | Maruti Udyog Limited is an example. |
Question 4:
Give two examples of the following in the space provided.
- Raw materials: ____________ and _____________
- End product: ____________ and _____________
- Tertiary activities: ____________ and _____________
- Agro-based industries: ____________ and _____________
- Cottage industries: ____________ and _____________
- Co-operatives: ____________ and _____________
Solution :
- Raw materials: cotton and steel
- End product: shirt and safety pin
- Tertiary activities: banking and transport
- Agro-based industries: dairy industry and cotton textile industry
- Cottage industries: pottery industry and basket-weaving industry
- Co-operatives: Anand Milk Union Limited and Sudha Dairy