GSEB Solutions for Class 10 Science and Technology – Management of Natural Resources

GSEB Solutions for Class 10 Science and Technology – Management of Natural Resources (English Medium)

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Question 1:
Select the proper choice from the given multiple choices :

Question 1.1:
To reduce the use of LPG by making use of solar energy is an example of :
Solution :
B. Reduce
Use of solar energy as an alternative to LPG will help reduce the usage of LPG which is a non-renewable energy resource.

Question 1.2:
How much area is under the forest cover in our country ?
Solution :
B. 768436 sq. km
In India, 768436 sq. km of land is under forest cover. This is only 23.38% of the total land in India.

Question 1.3:
In Gujarat how much area   is covered by forest ?
Solution :
C. 9.69%
In Gujarat, 18,999 sq. km of land is under forest cover. This is only 9.69% of the total land in Gujarat.

Question 1.4:
In which year Amrita Devi Bisnoi sacrificed her life for the protection of khejri trees ?
Solution :
A. 1731
In 1731, Amrita Devi Bisnoi along with 363 other people, sacrificed her life for the protection of Khejri trees in Khejarli village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.

Question 1.5:
Names of endangered plant species are published in :
Solution :
B. Red Data book
Endangered plant species are published in the Red Data book. Endangered plant species are those plants which are on the verge of extinction.

Question 1.6:
How many National Parks are there in Gujarat ?
Solution :
B. 4
There are 4 national parks and 21 wild life sanctuaries in Gujarat.

Question 1.7:
Which of the following dams is constructed in Gujarat ?
Solution :
C. Sardar Sarovar Dam
Sardar Sarovar Dam is one of the two dams in Gujarat. It has been built across the Narmada river in Kevadia village in Gujarat.

Question 1.8:
Which one of the following is considered as liquid gold
Solution :
C. Petroleum
Petroleum is an important fuel for transport. It is a source of about 150 petrochemicals used in industries and also, directly by consumers. It is thus considered as liquid gold.

Question 2:
Answer the following questions in brief :

Question 2.1:
What creates serious danger for existence of humans and their culture ?
Solution :
An indiscriminate exploitation and a rampant use of natural resources creates serious danger for the existence of humans and their culture.

Question 2.2:
Mention three R’s which can save the environment.
Solution :
The three R’s which can save the environment are

• Reduce
• Recycle
• Reuse

Question 2.3:
Define natural resources.
Solution :
The resources which occur naturally and cannot be created by humans are called natural resources.

Question 2.4:
Define wild life.
Solution :
Wildlife constitutes of animals which are not domestic, plants which cannot be grown by agriculture and microorganisms.

Question 2.5:
What are the reasons for depletion of forests ?
Solution :
Reasons for depletion of forests are

• Increasing population
• Industrialisation
• Urbanisation

Question 2.6:
What leads to green house effect ?
Solution :
Depletion of forests results in an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air and also a rise in the temperature in the atmosphere. This leads to greenhouse effect.

Question 2.7:
What do you mean by social forestry ?
Solution :
Social forestry is planting fast-growing trees on available land such as boundaries of fields, along roadsides, railway tracks, canals etc. These plants can then serve to be a source of fruits, wood, timber, fodder, firewood etc.

Question 2.8:
Name bird species which are considered as endangered species.
Solution :
Endangered bird species:

• Pheasant
• Great Indian Bustard
• Florican
• Hornbill

Question 2.9:
Name reptiles which are considered as endangered species.
Solution :
Endangered reptile species:

• Python
• Wall lizard
• Crocodile
• Tortoise

Question 2.10:
In our country how many sanctuaries and national parks are there ?
Solution :
As per the report of 2010, there are 88 national parks and 441 wild life sanctuaries in India.

Question 2.11:
Mention the sources of fresh water.
Solution :
Sources of fresh water:

• Rainfall
• River streams
• Groundwater

Question 2.12:
How dams are useful to the society ?
Solution :
Dams are useful to the society in the following ways:

• Water stored in dams can be used for irrigation in fields through canals.
• After suitable treatment, dam water is supplied to people in towns and cities for domestic use.
• Water falling from dams has tremendous kinetic energy and can be used for generating electricity.

Question 3:
Write answers of following questions :

Question 3.1:
Why we need to manage our resources ?
Solution :

• Resources on earth are limited.
• All things required by humans like food, fuel, clothes, furniture etc. are obtained from the resources on the Earth.
• Human population is increasing at a tremendous rate.
• The demand for the resource is also increasing with the increasing population.
• Thus, to equally distribute the available natural resources amongst the existing and future human population, we need to manage our resources.

Question 3.2:
It will be a huge error if man continues to believe that all natural resources are unlimited : Explain
Solution :

• The amount of natural resources on Earth is limited.
• Human population depends on these natural resources for its luxurious and comfortable living.
• Human population is growing continuously and so is their need.
• The increasing human population is utilising these natural resources indiscriminately.
• If humans continue their indiscriminate and rampant use of natural resources then there will be a shortfall of these resources for future generations.
• Thus, if man continues to believe that all natural resources are unlimited, it will be a huge error as it can create serious danger for the existence of humans and their culture.

Question 3.3:
How recycle can save the environment ?
Solution :
Recycle can save the environment in the following ways:

• Reduction in pollution caused due to accumulation of waste
• Recycling uses less energy than manufacturing the products from their original sources. Thus, recycling helps to save energy
• Recycling helps to conserve valuable natural resources like oil, water and metals.

Question 3.4:
How can we conserve the forest ?
Solution :
We can conserve forests in following manner:

• Adopt scientific methods for harvesting useful products from forests.
• Adopt scientific methods to monitor proper rate of forestation and deforestation.
• Precautionary measures should be installed to protect forests from fire.
• Unauthorised felling of trees should be strictly prevented.
• Plant fast-growing trees.
• Adopt social forestry methods.

Question 3.5:
Give an example indicating local people working traditionally for conservation of forest.
Solution :
Local people have worked traditionally for conservation of forests in India.
For example, in 1731, Amrita Devi Bisnoi with 363 other people sacrificed her life for the protection of Khejri trees in Khejarli village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.
In her honor, the government of India has instituted an Amrita Devi Bisnoi National Award for wildlife conservation.

Question 3.6:
What are the consequences of loss of forest cover ?
Solution :
Consequences of loss of forest cover:

• Scarcity of things available from forests.
• Increase in soil erosion.
• Decrease in the fertility of land.
• Rise in the global temperature.
• Increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leading to greenhouse effect.

Question 3.7:
What are the differences between sanctuaries and national parks ?
Solution :
Wildlife sanctuaries and national parks both are conserves of wildlife in their natural environment. The main difference between wildlife sanctuaries and national parks is that necessary human activities are allowed in sanctuaries but not in national parks.

Question 3.8:
Who are the stakeholders of forest?
Solution :
Stakeholders of forests i.e. those who take part in its management are:

• People living in and around the forests. They are dependent on forest produce for different aspects of life.
• The forest department of the government. It owns the land and controls the resources, as it is a good source of revenue for the government.
• The industrialists. They use various forest products as raw materials for their industry.
• The wild life and nature enthusiasts. They want to conserve nature in its original form.

Question 3.9:
Give the importance of Chipko Andolan.
Solution :
Chipko andolan was a movement initiated in a remote village called “Reni” in garhwal in the 1970s. It was initiated when the women of the village clasped the tree trunks when the workers arrived to cut the trees of the forest. Thus, they helped in preventing the felling of the trees. From then onwards, the chipko andolan is being followed by the local people to prevent the felling of the trees.

Question 3.10:
Explain water related problems .
Solution :
Following are some of the water related problems:

• About 40% or more of the world population lives in arid or semi-arid regions. These people spend a huge part of their life and wealth in gathering water which is to be used for drinking, in agriculture and in industries.
• Over-exploitation of water resources is resulting in lowering the water levels in the river, lakes and ponds. As a result of this, the surrounding wet land also dries up.
• Indiscriminate use of ground water to meet the increasing demand has resulted in lowering of the ground water table level.

Question 3.11:
Explain approaches to the water management.
Solution :
Following are some approaches to water management:

• Distillation of sea water.
• Construction of canals to desert area or areas of water scarcity.
• Recycle water which is used domestically, for irrigation.
• Construct ponds or water reservoirs in flood prone and hilly areas for collection of water. This water can be directly used and will also help to recharge ground water.
• Prevent wastage of water or unnecessarily excess use of water.

Question 3.12:
What steps could be taken to conserve energy resources ?
Solution :
Following steps will help to conserve energy resources:

• Switch off lights, fans and other electrical appliances when not in need.
• Use stairs instead of lift whenever possible.
• Always cover the utensils while cooking food. Pressure cookers help to save fuel.
• Use public transport instead of private vehicles for commuting.
• Use bicycles for short rides.
• Repair leaking taps and pipes to prevent loss of water.
• Replace energy inefficient electrical appliances.