GSEB Solutions for Class 8 Science and Technology – Microbes (English Medium)
GSEB SolutionsMathsScience
Exercise 24:
Solution 1(a):
Name of the Disease | Causes | Symptoms | Precautions | Is any microorganism responsible for that? If yes, then which one? |
Measles | Air | High temperature, Sore eyes, dry cough | Vaccination at proper age | Yes, virus |
Hepatitis A | Water | Fatigue, urea, dark urine | Drinking boiled water, vaccination at proper age | Yes, virus |
Typhoid | Water | Poor appetite, lethargy, diarrhoea | Drinking purified water, vaccination | Yes, bacteria
(Salmonella typhii) |
Malaria | Mosquito bite | Fever, Chill, Fatigue | Applying mosquito repellants, mosquito nets and proper dosage of medicines | Yes, protozoa |
Polio | Air/ Water | Fever, Sore throat, Vomiting, Fatigue | Proper vaccination | Yes, Virus (Poliomyelitis) |
Tuberculosis | Air | Bad cough for three weeks, weight loss, no appetite, chills | Vaccination of BCG | Yes, bacteria (Mycobacterium) |
Chickenpox | Air/ Contact | High temperature, loss of appetite, spots in the body leading to itching | Antibiotics and proper vaccination | Yes, Virus |
Exercise 30:
Solution 1:
The microorganism is a living organism that requires a microscope to be observed as it cannot be seen with naked eyes.
The types of microorganism are bacteria, virus, fungi, algae, protozoa and fungi.
Solution 2:
The algae is different from other plants in the following ways:
- Most algae are single celled.
- They are motile by using their cilia or flagella.
- They do not have true roots, shoots or veins.
- Algae engage all the water and nutrients they need.
Solution 3:
There are two main types of fungi – yeast and mould.
Solution 4:
The two diseases caused by bacteria are cholera and tuberculosis.
Solution 5:
The two diseases caused by virus are polio and chickenpox.
Solution 6:
Algae prefer moist places like ponds, sewages, reservoirs, rivers, swamps, lakes, and mud. They also grow on marine animals like alligators, worms and aquatic plants.
Solution 7:
There are three types of colours found in algae – brown algae, blue-green algae and red algae.
Brown algae are found near coral reefs, blue-green algae are found in freshwater lakes, streams and ponds, red algae can be found anywhere on the earth ranging from the tropical region to the polar region.
Solution 8:
The reserved food material of the fungi is on dead materials like roti, pickles, wet clothes and leather goods.
Solution 9:
Amoebic dysentery is caused by protozoan, Entamoeba histolytica
Solution 10:
An amoeba has no definite shape. It can move anywhere with the help of cilia and flagella.
Solution 11:
Paramoecium has the definite shape of a slipper (shoe) and moves with the help of cilia.
Solution 12:
Virus is called the connecting link between living and non-living because it possesses both living and non-living characteristics. The living characteristics are as follows –
- They can reproduce.
- They contain genetic matter.
- They are also locomotive.
The non-living characteristics are as follows –
- They cannot replicate alone.
- They remain inactive and behave as non-living.
Solution 13:
Most microorganisms are beneficial, for example, there are microorganisms in our large intestine that synthesize vitamins and allow them to be absorbed into the bloodstream. However, a tiny minority are pathogens (disease-causing agents). These pathogens, often called germs or bugs, are a threat to all life forms.
Solution 14:
he virus in tobacco is Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)