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Maharashtra Board Class 10 Solutions for English Reader – Food and Health
Pre-reading Activities
Question 1:
One minute game
Read the words given below. Work with your partner and write words related to them within 1 minute. One who finds maximum words is the winner!
Words | 1-5 | 6-10 | 11-15 | 16-20 |
Grade | Average | Good | Better | Excellent |
Answer:
Food: eat, hungry, tasty milk, delicious, spicy, sweet, cook, boil, steam, fry, nutritious, fats, carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, herbs, vegetables, fruits, cereals, grains, nuts, spices.
Health:
fitness, exercise, yoga, walking, balanced diet, calories, milk, hygiene, juices, fruits, sugar- free, fat-free, good sleep, fresh mind.
Question 2:
Mirror
Look at the pictures in your textbook and find the answers to the questions that follow.
i. Whom do you resemble?
Answer:
I resemble the person in the third picture.
ii. Why are you so?
Answer:
I am so because I eat in moderation, ride a bicycle to school every day and play sports.
iii. What can you do in order to reshape yourself?
Answer:
In order to maintain myself, I will avoid junk and oily foods. I will include fresh fruits and vegetables in my diet and continue playing sports.
iv. What is the relation between food and health?
Answer:
The relation between food and health is that food is our basic requirement and the primary source of our mental and physical energy. A balanced diet contains adequate amount of proteins, minerals, vitamins, etc. required by our body to maintain good health.
Question 3:
Compose your own lines
Look at the following line. Discuss with your partner and compose some more sentences using the starting words given below.
eg. ‘The more you eat, the more it shows.’
i. ‘The more you work,
ii. ‘The more you laugh,
iii. ‘The more you walk,
iv. ‘The more you study,
v. ‘The more you ,
Answer:
i. the more you grow.’
ii. the more you live.’
iii. the more exercise you get. ’
iv. the wiser you become.’
v. sleep, the fatter you get.’
Question 4:
Food and You
Many people claim – ‘You are what you eat.’
Discuss this with your partner with the help of the following points.
• Agree or disagree
• Provide reasons in favor or against
• Give causes
• Provide Examples
Answer:
I agree with the statement, ‘you are what you eat’. Our personality reflects the amount of food and type of food that we consume. If our intake of food is more, we become lethargic and inactive. We begin to lose interest in doing anything. If we consume food that is spicy, oily, canned or stale, we will develop health issues. If we don’t eat fresh food, including vegetables and fruits, our body will not get sufficient amount of nutrition. With the lack of proper nutrition, we won’t be able to perform our routine tasks. We see many people around us who do not follow a regular eating pattern due to a busy lifestyle. Such people eat whatever is available and face several health issues later in life, like diabetes, hypertension, increase in cholesterol levels and heart diseases. There are chances that such people will face fatal strokes at a young age.
Extract 1
Factual Reading
Question 1:
Read the extract and complete the sentences.
i. Food is helpful for _______.
ii. The poet says that there is nothing to be ashamed of when _______.
iii. According to the poet, you should sweat out when _________.
iv. If you eat more, you will grow _________.
Answer:
i. the senses, mind, body and soul
ii. you eat
iii. you overeat
iv. horizontally
Question 2:
Read the extract and select the correct alternative to complete the sentences.
i. Eating less food than required takes a toll on our ________ .
a. senses
b. hygiene
c. health
Answer:
c. health
ii. We should feel ashamed of _______.
a. overeating
b. eating less .
c. moderate
Answer:
a. overeating
Read the extract from the line (1 to 10) on page (97) of your textbook and answer the following questions.
Understanding the Extract
Question 1:
What happens if we do not take our food on time?
Answer:
If we do not take our food on time, it will take a toll on our health. It will affect our mind, body, soul and the senses.
Question 2:
When does irregular diet take a toll?
Answer:
Irregular diet takes a toll if we don’t eat food on time.
Question 3:
What happens if we overeat?
Answer:
If we overeat, we will grow horizontally.
A3. Vocabulary
Question 1:
Write the pair of rhyming word from the extract.
Answer:
i. soul – toll
Question 2:
Find the correct meaning of the word in the box
Answer:
ashamed – (iii) to get embarrassed
Extract 2
Factual Reading
Question 1:
Read the extract and complete the sentences.
i. The emotions mentioned in the poem are _________.
ii. If we do not eat food in moderation, ______ and ______ will enjoy our wealth.
Answer:
i. sadness, anger and joy
ii. docs and gyms
Question 2:
Read the extract and select the correct alternative to complete the sentences.
i. The simple reason for some people to eat more is ___________ .
a. they enjoy food
b. they live to eat
c. they cannot control their desire of
eating
Answer:
b. they live to eat
ii. We all human beings should
a. live to eat
b. eat to live
c. eat what we like
Answer:
b. eat to live
iii. Have in moderation means ____.
a. eat less
b. eat more
c. eat reasonably
Answer:
c. eat reasonably
Question 3:
State whether the following statements are True or False.
i. The poet says that some of us don’t stop ourselves while eating our favourite food.
ii. According to the poet, the food is not for emotions.
Answer:
i. True ii. False
Read the extract from line (11 to 22) on page (97) of your textbook and answer the following questions.
[Some of us don’t stop ………. enjoy your wealth!]
A2. Understanding the Extract
Question 1:
What simple reason do some people give for eating?
Answer:
A simple reason that some people give for eating is that they live to eat and not eat to live.
Question 2:
What does food reveal?
Answer:
Food revels many joys.
Question 3:
What kind of food does the poet suggest?
Answer:
The poet suggests eating healthy food, in moderation.
Question 4:
Who will enjoy your wealth if you eat heavily?
Answer:
If we eat heavily, doctors and gyms will enjoy our wealth.
Question 5:
Why does the poet say that docs and gyms will enjoy our wealth?
Answer:
If we do not eat in moderation, we will grow fat and develop health problems. As a result, we will be required to visit doctors and gyms regularly. So, the poet says that docs and gyms will enjoy our wealth.
A3. Vocabulary
Question 1:
Find the words from the extract that mean
i. logical thinking
ii. reasonable and not extreme in quantity
Answer:
i. reasoning ii. moderation
Question 2:
Give the full forms of
i. docs ii. gyms
Answer:
i. doctors
ii. gymnasium (plural – gymnasia)
Question 3:
Write pairs of rhyming words from the extract.
Answer:
i. feels – reveals
ii. health – wealth
Additional Questions for Practice
Question 1:
Read and Answer
Read the poem and after discussing with your partner, answer the following questions.
*i. How are we benefited by moderate food?
Answer:
We are benefited by moderate food in many ways, like:
i. We can maintain good health and physique.
ii. Maintained body and good food will reduce the risk of illnesses and keep our mind stress-free.
iii. We will develop optimistic and positive attitude.
iv. All these things will help us to live a healthy life.
*ii. What is it that you like about the poem?
Answer:
I like the language of the poem. It is simple, easy to understand and it elaborates the benefits of eating in moderation. The familiar expressions like ‘we live to eat and not eat to live’ add beauty to the poem. Also, words like ‘vertically’ and ‘horizontally’ are appropriately used to describe growth.
iii. How can you keep yourself healthy?
Answer:
We can keep ourselves healthy by maintaining regular eating habits and having a balanced diet. In addition, we must also perform physical exercises like yoga, walking, jogging, etc. to keep ourselves healthy.
Related Words
Question 2:
Read the poem and write the words related to:
Question 3:
Music in the poem
Answer the following.
i. The poem is musical. What creates music in the poem?
Answer:
Rhyming words create music in the poem.
ii. Read the poem again and again to enjoy the music in it.
[Students are expected to attempt the above activity on their own.]
iii. List down the rhyming words in pairs.
Answer:
a. soul – toll
b. feels – reveals
c. health – wealth
iv. Try to add some more rhyming words to the pair.
Answer:
a. soul, toll, goal, role
b. feels, reveals, heals, meals
c. health, wealth, stealth
v. Try to compose one more line in continuation.
Answer:
Let’s therefore eat in moderation, And enjoy life without botheration.
Question 4:
Cause and effect
In the poem, you will come across the cause and effect regarding our eating habit. Discuss with your partner and complete the table.
Stanza No. |
If you | You will |
i. | Have no food on time | |
ii. | Overeat | |
Lose money | ||
Eat more |
Answer:
Stanza No. |
If you | You will |
i. | have no food on time | damage your health |
ii. | overeat | become fat |
vi. | do not eat in moderation | lose money |
iii. | eat more | grow horizontally |
Question 4:
Abbreviations
i. What do the underlined words stand for?
Answer:
The underlined words stand for: docs – doctors
gyms – gymnasium (plural – gymnasia)
ii. We come across many such abbreviations around. Make a list of them along with their full forms.
Answer:
Mam – Madam Leut. – Lieutenant
ASAP – As soon as possible A/C – Account Mr. – Mister
iii. Also, find out what the following abbreviations mean.
Dept., Advt, Ltd., Pvt.
Answer:
Dept. -Department
Ltd. – Limited
Capt. – Captain
Asstt. – Assistant
Capt., Col., Asstt., Dr.
Advt. – Advertisement
Pvt. – Private Col. – Colonel
Dr. – Doctor
Question 6:
Expressions
Look at the following line from the poem.
i. ‘We live to eat and not eat to live’.
We live to eat means:
We do not eat to live means:
Answer:
‘We live to eat and not eat to live’.
We live to eat means: The purpose of our
existence is to consume food.
We do not eat to live means: We do not eat for the purpose of existence / living.
ii. Now, look at the following expressions; discuss what they mean.
a. to live and let live
b. to be or not to be
c. to look over and overlook
d. to rest is to rust
Answer:
a. To live and let live – This expression means that you should not bother or trouble other people, so that they will not bother you, in return.
b. To be or not to be – This expression shows the dilemma in the mind of a person between the pains of living and the ignorance of what death may hold.
c. To look over and overlook – ‘To look over’ means to examine someone or something and ‘to overlook’ means to fail to notice or ignore deliberately. Thus, the expression ‘to look over and overlook’ means to look at something but pretend it doesn’t exist.
d. To rest is to rust – This expression means that if you stop being active and do nothing for a long time, you will become physically weak and lazy.
iii. Collect more such expressions and write their meanings.
To grin and bear it – This expression means to put up with discomfort or a bad situation without complaining.
To grasp all, to lose all – This expression means that if you are too greedy and try to grab everything you see, you might lose everything that you have.
To measure twice but to cut once –
This expression means that we should consider our options carefully and think twice before making a decision
Question 7:
Observing a poem
Look at the poem and find out
i. The stanzas in the poem
Answer:
There are six stanzas in the poem.
ii. Number of lines in each stanza
Answer:
There are four lines in each stanza, except the third.
iii. Number of lines in the third stanza
Answer:
There are two lines in the third stanza.
iv. Smallest line
Answer:
The second line of the second stanza – ‘When you eat’ is the smallest line.
v. Longest line
Answer:
The second line of the third stanza – ‘Vertically you may not but horizontally you grow’ is the longest line.
vi. Words used again and again
Answer:
The words used ‘food is for’, ‘eat’, ‘we’, ‘you’ are used again and again.
Question 8:
Expectations
Look at every stanza. There is a message in each one of them. Read the stanza and find out the message.
For example:
1 st stanza: have food in right time
i. 2nd stanza: ______
ii. 3rd stanza: ______
iii. 4th stanza: ______
iv. 5th stanza: ______
v. 6th stanza: ______
Answer:
i. 2nd stanza: sweat out / exercise when you overeat
ii. 3rd stanza: overeating makes you fat, so avoid it
iii. 4th stanza: eat to live
iv. 5th stanza: food affects our emotions, so eat healthy even when you are sad or angry
v. 6th stanza: have food in moderation
Question 9:
More and more
Read the following line from the poem.
‘The more you eat, the more it shows’.
Discuss:
i. Which word is repeated?
Answer:
The word ‘the more’ is repeated.
ii. Type of the sentence
Answer:
It is a conditional sentence.
iii. Meaning of the sentence
Answer:
The meaning of the sentence is ‘If we eat more, we will grow fat’.
iv. Cause and effect relation, etc.
Answer:
Eating more is the cause while becoming fat is the effect.
v. Write such sentences of your own.
‘The more you ____, the more you ___
Answer:
a. The more you exercise, the healthier you become.
b. The more you study, the more marks you get.
c. The more you practise, the better you get.
Question 10:
Now, match the columns and frame sentences of your own. Look at the example given below.
Answer:
(i – b), (ii – d), (iii – a), (iv – c)
e. g. i The more you work, the more successful you are.
ii. _______
iii. _______
iv. _______
Answer:
ii. The more you exercise, the. more physically fit you are.
iii. The more you listen, the more fluently you will be able to speak in English.
iv. The more you read / study, the higher will be your percentage in examination
Question 11:
Draw a picture .
Read the poem again. Draw a remarkable picture based on the poem. It may be a cartoon. Some lines of the poem will help you to get an idea.
[Students are expected to attempt the above activity on their own.]
Question 12:
Why food?
*Read the poem and find out the reason/s.
i. Food is for _______ .
ii. Food is for ______ .
iii. Food is for _____.
iv. _____.
Answer:
i. senses
ii. mind, body and soul
iii. emotions
iv. good health
Provide examples