NEET Biology Chapter Wise Mock Test – Breathing and Exchange of Gases
1. Which of the following chemical reactions can occur anaerobically?
(a) Glycolysis
(b) Krebs’ cycle
(c) Conversion of lactic acid to pyruvic acid
(d) Conversion of pyruvic acicfcto acetyl Co-A
2. Aerobic respiration increases the body’s supply of
(a) C02
(b) water
(c) ATP
(d) All of the preceding
3. Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D A B
(a) 1 4 2 3 (b) 2 4
(c) 1 3 2 4 (d) 1 2
4. Expiratory muscles contract at the time of
(a) deep inspiration
(b) normal inspiration and expiration
(c) forceful expiration
(d) normal expiration
5. Respiration involves one of the following sets of processes
(a) inspiration, exchange of gases and expiration
(b) aspiration, inspiration and expiration
(c) external, internal and expiration
(d) None of the above
6. Oxygenated blood from lungs is carried to the heart by
(a) pulmonary artery
(b) pulmonary vein
(c) coronary vein
(d) pre-cavals
7. During inspiration, air passes into lungs due to
(a) increase in volume of thoracic cavity and fall in lung pressure
(b) fall in pressure inside the lungs
(c) increased volume of thoracic cavity
(d) muscular expansion of lungs
8. In mammals, ventilation movements of lungs are governed by
(a) muscular wall of lungs
(b) intercostal muscles
(c) diaphragm
(d) diaphragm and intercostal muscles
9. The maximum amount of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiration is called the
(a) forced expiratory volume
(b) maximum expiratory flow
(c) tidal volume
(d) vital capacity
10. If the thoracic wall but not lungs, is punctured the
(a) lungs get inflated
(b) man dies as the lungs get collapsed
(c) breathing rate decreases
(d) breathing rate increases
11. In human beings, rib case and sternum move upwardly and outwardly during
(a) exercise
(b) sudden back injury
(c) expiration
(d) inspiration
12. The cartilages, upon which the vocal cords are attached are the
(a) thyroid and arytenoid cartilages
(b) thyroid and cricoid cartilages
(c) cuneiform and cricoid cartilages
(d) thyroid and corniculate cartilages
13. Respiration in insects is called direct because
(a) the cells exchange 02/C02 directly with the air in the tubes
(b) the tissues exchange 02/C02 directly with coelomic fluid
(c) the tissues exchange 02/C02 directly with the air outside through body surface
(d) tracheal tubes exchange 02/C02 directly with the haemocoei which then exchange with tissues
14. Mark the correct pair of muscles involved in the normal breathing in humans.
(a) External and internal intercostal muscles
(b) Diaphragm and abdominal muscles
(c) Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles
(d) Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
15. Given diagram represents the human larynx. Choose the correct combination of labelling from the options given below.
(a) A-Larynx, B-Parathyroid, C-Tracheal cartilage, D-Trachea
(b) A-Nasolarynx, B-Thyroid, C-Tracheal cartilage, D-Trachea
(c) A-Trachea, B-Thyroid, C-Bronchiole, D-Tracheal cartilage
(d) A—Epiglottis, B-Thyroid, C-Tracheal cartilage D-Trachea
16. Neither the trachea nor the bronchi contain
(a) hyaline cartilage
(b) ciliated columnar epithelium
(c) goblet cells
(d) simple squamous epithelium
17. Pharyngeal tonsils are located in the
(a) nasopharynx
(b) oral cavity
(c) nasal cavity
(d) oropharynx
18. Which of the following is not a structural feature of the left lung?
(a) Superior lobe
(b) Cardiac notch
(c) Inferior lobe
(d) Middle lobe
19. Volume of air left after maximum forceful expiration in human lung is
(a) total lung capacity
(b) residual volume
(c) vital capacity
(d) tidal volume
20. One of the following is a difference between pulmonary respiration of frog and human
(a) diaphragm and ribs play role in respiration
(b) lungs are respiratory organs
(c) respiration occurs due to pressure gradient
(d) None of the above
21. A person met with an accident and died instantly without any injury to heart, brain, stomach and kidney. One of the following is a reason for his death
(a) intestine got twisted
(b) RBCs became coagulated .
(c) stomach stopped digestion
(d) diaphragm got punctured
22. The serous membrane in contact with the lung is the
(a) parietal pleura
(b) pulmonary mesentery
(c) pulmonary peritoneum
(d) visceral pleura
23. Which is not a structure of the respiratory system?
(a) Pharynx
(b) Bronchus
(c) Larynx
(d) Hyoid
24. The roof of the nasal cavity is formed primarily by the
(a) hard palate
(b) cribriform palate of the ethmoid bone
(c) superior concha
(d) vomer
25. Arrange the following in the order of increasing volume
I. Tidal volume II. Residual volume
III. Expiratory reserve volume IV. vital capacity
(a) I<II<III<IV
(b) I<III<II<IV
(c) I<IV<III<II
(d) I<IV<II<III
26. Tidal volume in human beings is
(a) 1000 mL
(b) 1500 mL
(c) 500 mL
(d) 4.5 L
27. Residual volume in the lungs of an average human being is
(a) 500 mL
(b) 3-4.5 L
(c)1000mL
(d)1500mL
28. The amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs during quiet normal breathing is called the
(a) vital capacity
(b) tidal volume
(c) residual volume
(d) vital volume
29. Identify the correct and incorrect match about respiratory volume and capacities and mark the correct answer.
I. Inspiratory Capacity [IC] = Tidal Volume + Residual Volume.
II. Vital capacity [VC] = Tidal Volume [TV] + Inspiratory Reserve Volume [IRV] + Expiratory Reserve Volume. [ERV]
III. Residual Volume [RV] = Vital Capacity [VC] – Inspiratory Reserve Volume [IRV]
IV. Tidal Volume [TV] = Inspiratory Capacity [1C] – Inspiratory Reserve Volume [IRV]
(a) I, II and III incorrect, IV correct
(b) I and III correct, II and IV incorrect
(c) I, II and IV correct, III incorrect
(d) I and III and II and IV correct
30. Expiration involves
(a) relaxation of diaphragm and intercostal muscles
(b) Contraction of diaphragm and intercostal muscles
(c) contraction of diaphragm muscles
(d) contraction of intercostal muscles
31.Which combination of muscles contraction causesinspiration ?
32. Which one of the following statement is incorrect?
(a) The residual air in lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals
(b) The presence of non-respiratory air sacs increases the efficiency of respiration in birds
(c) In insects, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues
(d) The principle of countercurrent flow facilitates efficient respiration in gills of fishes
33. Residual air can be traced in
(a) alveoli
(b) bronchi
(c) nasal chambers
(d) trachea
34. Anatomical dead space is
(a) upper respiratory tract
(b) space between alveoli and capillaries
(c) lower respiratory tract
(d) in nasal sacs
35. Partial pressure of oxygen in the inspired and expired air is respectively
(a) 158 and 116 mm Hg
(b) 158 and 40 mm Hg
(c) 100 and 95 mm Hg
(d) 40 and 95 mm Hg
36. In human beings, partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the inspired and expired air is respectively
(a) 0.3 and 40 mm Hg
(b) 0.3 and 32 mm Hg
(c) 40 and 46 mm Hg
(d) 40 and 0.3 mm Hg
37. The primary role of oxygen in the body is to
(a) help to build amino acids
(b) allow glycolysis within the mitochondria of the cell
(c) accept electrons in the electron transport chain
(d) facilitate lipolysis within adipose cells
38. Oxygen dissociation curve of myoglobin is
(a) hypobolic
(b) hyperbolic
(c) linear
(d) sigmoid
39. Cells, which help in the transportation of 02 are
(a) WBCs
(b) leucocytes
(c) RBCs
(d) thrombocytes
40. When blood C02 level rises
(a) only the rate of breathing decreases
(b) respiratory acidosis may occur
(c) peripheral pressure receptors respond
(d) both the rate and depth of breathing decrease
41. In human beings, C02 concentration in the inspired and expired air is respectively
(a) 0.03% and 5.3%
(b) 0.4% and 5.0%
(c) 0.04% and 3.0%
(d) 0.03% and 4.0%
42. Oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration in the alveolar air are respectively
(a) 16% and 4%
(b) 19.8% and 4.6%
(c) 21% and 4%
(d) 13.1% and 5.3%
43. Increase of oxyhaemoglobin leads to increase in acidic nature. This is
(a) Bohr’s effect
(b) Hamburger phenomenon
(c) Chloride shift
(d) Haldane’s effect
44. Oxygen dissociation curve is
(a) sigmoid
(b) parabolic
(c) hyperbolic
(d) straight line
45. The basic inspiratory and expiratory centres are located in the
(a) lungs
(b) medulla oblongata
(c) carotid and aortic bodies
(d) pons
46. Pneumatic and inhibitory centres are associated with
(a) respiration
(b) breathing
(c) inspiration
(d) expiration
47. Surfactant
(a) reduces the surface tension in pulmonary alveoli
(b) increases the pC02 levels in blood
(c) is a mucous secreted by goblet cells
(d) reduces friction in the pleural cavity
48. Identify A, B and C in the given diagram and choose nthe correct option accordingly.
(a) A-Alveolar cavity, B-WBC, C-Capillary wall
(b) A-Alveolar cavity, B-RBC, C-Systemic wall
(c) A-Alveolar cavity, B-RBC, C-Basement substance
(d) A-Alveolar cavity, B-WBC, C-Systemic wall
49. Incidence of emphysema-a respiratory disorders is high in cigarette smokers.
The main symptoms of the disease is
(a) the bronchioles are found damaged
(b) the plasma membrane is found damaged
(c) the alveolar walls are found damaged
(d) the respiratory muscles are found damaged
50. Inflammation of the lung covering causing severe chest pain is
(a) emphysema
(b) pleurisy
(c) asphyxia
(d) hypoxia
51. When the oxygen supply to the tissues is inadequate, the condition is
(a) hypoxia
(b) asphyxia
(c) pleurisy
(d) anoxia
52. People living at sea level have around 5 million RBCs per cubic millimeter of their blood, whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 metres have around 8 million. This is because at high altitude
(a) people get pollution-free air to breathe and more oxygen is available
(b) atmospheric 02 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of 02 to survive
(c) there is more UV radiation, which enhances RBCs production
(d) people eat more nutritive food, therefore more RBCs are formed of
53. Pulmonary vessels, nerves and a bronchus enter or leave the lung at the
(a) cardiac notch
(b) apex
(c) capsule
(d) hilum
54. Identify A to E in the given diagram and choose the correct option accordingly.Body tissues
(a) A-Alveolus, B-Pulmonary artery, C-Pulmonary vein, D-Systemic vein, E-Systemic arteries
(b) A-Alveolus, B-Pulmonary vein, C-Pulmonary artery, D-Systemic vein, E-Systemic arteries
(c) A-Alveolus, B-Pulmonary vein, C-Pulmonary artery, D-Systemic arteries, E-Systemic vein
(d) A-Alveolus, B-Pulmonary vein, C-Pulmonary artery, D-Systemic arteries, E-Portal vein
55. In the given diagram, identify what is depicted by A, B and C.
Choose the correct option.
(a) A-Air going out from lungs, B-Ribs and sternum
relaxed, C-Volume of thorax increased “
(b) A-Air entering lungs, B-Ribs and sternum relaxed, C-Volume of thorax increased
(c) A-Air entering lungs, B-Ribs and sternum raised,
(d) A-Air going out from lungs, B-Ribs and sternum relaxed, C-Volume of thorax decrease
56. C02 diffuses into …A… and forms HCO3 and H+. At the …B… site where pCO is low, the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction.
Thus, CO2 is trapped as …C… at the tissue level and transported to alveoli is released out as …D… .
Select the right choice for A, B, C and D to complete the given NCERT statement.
(a) A-WBC, B-diffusion, C-carbonate, D-02
(b) A-RBC, B-alveolar, C-bicarbonate, D-C02
(c) A-RBC, B-alveolar, C-bicarbonates, D-02
(d) A-RBC, B-alveolar, C-carbonate, D-C02
57. Mark the true statement among the following with reference to normal breathing
(a) inspiration is a passive process whereas expiration is active
(b) inspiration is a active process whereas expiration is passive
(c) inspiration and expiration are active processes
(d) Inspiration and expiration are passive processes
58. As CO2 produced in the tissues combines with H20 in the blood
(a) carbonic acid is formed
(b) Cl“ enters the blood
(c) most of the HCOj from the carbonic acid leave the RBCs for the blood plasma
(d) All of the preceding occur
Direction (Q. Nos. 59-66) In each of the following questions a statement of Assertion is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
59. Assertion Glycolysis begins in cytoplasm and yields two molecules of pyruvate.
Reason During glycolysis, 4 ATP molecules are produced and net yield is only 2 ATP molecules.
60. Assertion Tidal Volume (TV) is the volume of air inspired or expired with the normal breath.
Reason Adult person contains 500 ml_ expired or inspired volume of air with each normal breath.
61. Assertion Carbon dioxide is carried in the plasma mainly as HCOg ions.
Reason Enzyme carbonic anhydrase of RBC catalyses the formation of HCO3 ions that enter the plasma.
62. Assertion Insects have a complex system of air tubes called trachea for respiratory purpose.
Reason Insects do not respire through body surface.
63. Assertion Fishes respire through gills.
Reason Counter current flow occurs in gills.
64. Assertion Breathing process in controlled by medulla and pons.
Reason Medulla and pons are part of chemical regulation.
65. Assertion Too much carbon dioxide is carried in the blood, yet blood does not become acidic.
Reason This is because when carbon dioxide is transported, the blood buffers play a very important role.
66. Assertion Asphyxia occurs due to the lack of oxygen and retention of carbon dioxide.
Reason It is produced by occlusion of the airway.
67. Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 4 5 2
(b) 2 1 3 4
(c) 4 5 3 1
(d) 5 3 1 2
68.Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 1 2 8
(c) 2 1 4 3
(d) 4 2 1 3
69. Name the pulmonary disease in which alveolar surface area involved in gas exchange is drastically reduced due to the damage in the alveolar walls.
(a) Pleurisy
(b) Emphysema
(c) Pneumonia
(d) Asthma
70. When you hold your breath which of the following gas changes in blood would first lead to the urge to breathe?
(a) Falling 02 concentration
(b) Rising C02 concentration
(c) Falling C02 concentration
(d) Rising C02 and falling 02 concentration
71. Approximately 70% of C02 absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs.
(a) As carbonate ions
(b) In the form of dissolved gas molecules
(c) By binding to RBC
(d) As carbamino haemoglobin ,
72. The figure shows a diagrammatic view of human respiratory with cables A, B,C and D. Select the option which given correct identification and main function and/or characteristics
(a) B-pleural membrane-surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing.
(b) C-alveoli-thin walled vascular beg-like structures for exchange of gases
(c) D-lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during respiration
(d) A-trachea long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting insipired air
73. Two friends are eating together on a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing, while swallowing some food.This coughing would have been due to improper movement of
(a) diaphragm
(b) neck
(c) tongue
(d) epiglottis
74. The figure given below shows a small part of human lung, where exchange of gases takes places. In which one of the options given below? The one part A, B, C and D is correctly identified along with its function.
(a) A – Alveolar cavity – Main site of exchange of respiratory gases
(b) D – Capillary wall – Exchange of gases takes place
(c) C – Red blood cell – Transport of gases mainly
(d) C – Arterial capillary – Passes oxygen to tissues
75. The volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration is called
(a) tidal volume
(b) inspiratory reserve volume
(c) expiratory reserve volume
(d) residual volume
Answers :
