NEET Biology Chapter Wise Mock Test – Environmental Issues
1. Which of the following does not cause pollution?
(a) Automobiles
(b) Hydroelectric power plant
(c) Thermal power plant
(d) Nuclear power plant
2. World environment day is celebrated on
(a) 5th June
(b) 28th February
(c) 7th August
(d) 10th April
3. Which of the following is normally not an important atmospheric pollutant?
(a) C02
(b) CO
(c) S02
(d) Hydrocarbons
4. Which one of the following is a secondary air pollutant?
(a) S02
(b) CO
(c) PAN
(d) Aerosol
5. Photochemical smog pollution does not contain
(a) ozone
(b) nitrogen dioxide
(c) carbon dioxide
(d) PAN (Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate)
6. Recent reports of acid rains in big industrial cities are due to the effect of atmospheric pollution by
(a) more release of N02 and S02 by burning of fossil fuels
(b) more release of C02 by burning of coal/wood cutting of forests and increasing populations
(c) excessive release of NH3 by coal gas/industries
(d) excessive release of CO by incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuels
7. Carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin to form
(a) carboxyhaemoglobin
(b) leghaemoglobin
(c) haemocyanin
(d) methaemoglobin
8. In 1984, the Bhopal gas tragedy took place because methyl isocyanate
(a) reacted with DDT
(b) reacted with ammonia
(c) reacted with C02
(d) reacted with water
9. Which of the following is correct?
(a) PAN (Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate) is a secondary pollutant
(b) Photochemical smog was first observed in Los Angeles
(c) Carbon monoxide has about 200 times greater affinity for haemoglobin as compared to oxygen
(d) All of the above
10. Pollution of SO 2 destroys
(a) lichen
(b) fungi
(c) algae
(d) fishes
11. Nitrogen oxides produced from the emission of automobiles and power plants, are the source of fine air borne particles which lead to
(a) photochemical smog
(b) dry acid deposition
(c) wet acid deposition
(d) Both (b) and (c)
12. Pollutant released by Jet planes is
(a) CO
(b) NH3
(c) C02
(d) CFCs
13. Photochemical smog always contains
(a) ozone
(b) methane
(c) carbon monoxide
(d) carbon dioxide
14. Which of the following is the main factor of water pollution?
(a) Pesticides
(b) Ammonia
(c) Industrial wastes
(d) Detergents
15. Which pollutant is absent in automobile exhausts?
(a) S02
(b) Fly ash
(c) Hydrocarbon gases
(d) Nitrogen oxides
16. Indicator plants, which can be used to indicate atmospheric pollution byS02 are
(a) grassland like Deschampsia
(b) moss like Sphagnum
(c) lichens like Usnea
(d) climbers like Cucurbita
17. According to the Central Pollution Control Board, particles that are responsible for causing great harm to human health are of diameter
(a) 2.50 micrometers
(b) 5.00 micrometers
(c) 10.00 micrometers
(d) 7.5 micrometers
18. Catalytic converters are fitted into automobiles to reduce emission of harmful gases. Catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons into
(a) carbon dioxide and water
(b) carbon monooxide
(c) methane
(d) carbon dioxide and methane
19. Which of the following is used to remove particulate matter?
(a) Electrophoresis
(b) Electrostatic precipitator
(c) Electromagnetic lenses
(d) All pf these
20. S02 pollution causes
(a) membrane damage
(b) plasmolysis
(c) chlorophyll destruction
(d) All of the above
21. Chernobyl disaster occurred in Ukraine, USSR on
(a) 26th April, 1986
(b) 26th March, 1986
(c) 26th January, 1984
(d) 26th March, 1984
22. Bhopal gas tragedy occurred on 3rd December, 1984 by the leakage of
(a) carbon monoxide from a pesticide unit of Union Carbide
(b) nitrogen oxides from a pesticide unit of Union Carbide
(c) methyl isocyanate from a pesticide unit of Union Carbide
(d) sulphur dioxide from a pesticide unit of Union Carbide
23. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is
(a) propane
(b) methane
(c) ethane
(d) butane
24. Recently Govt, of India has allowed mixing of alcohol in petrol. What is the amount of alcohol permitted for mixing in petrol?
(a) 2.5%
(b) 10-15%
(c) 10%
(d) 5%
25. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(a) Extensive use of chemical fertilisers may lead to eutrophication of nearby water bodies
(b) Both Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen in root nodules of plants
(c) Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are important mobilisers of phosphates and potassium for plant nutrition in soil
(d) At present it is not possible to grow maize without chemical fertilisers
26. In a coal fired power plant, electrostatic precipitators are installed to control emission of
(a) S02
(b) NO
(c) SPM
(d) CO
27. A genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is a species of
(a) Pseudomonas
(b) Trichoderma
(c) Xanthomonas
(d) Bacillus
28. In which one of the following the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of sewage (S), Distillery Effluent (DE), Paper mill Effluent (PE) and Sugar-Mill Effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order?
(a) SE<S<PE<DE
(b) SE < PE < S < DE
(c) PE < S < SE < DE
(d) S < DE < PE < SE
29. Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution?
(a) Sludge-worms
(b) Blood-worms
(c) Stone files
(d) Sewage fungus
30. A lake with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic waste may result in
(a) drying of the lake very soon due to algal bloom ‘
(b) an increased production of fish due to lot of nutrients
(c) death of fish due to lack of oxygen
(d) increased population of aquatic food web organisms
31. Spraying of DDT on crops produces pollution of
(a) air and soil only
(b) air and water only
(c) air, soil and water
(d) air only
32. Formation of non-functional methaemoglobin causes blue-baby syndrome. This is due to
(a) excess of arsenic concentration in drinking water
(b) excess of nitrates in drinking water
(c) deficiency of iron in food
(d) increased methane content in the atmosphere
33. ‘Water bloom’ is commonly caused by
(a) Hydrilla
(b) green algae
(c) bacteria
(d) blue-green algae
34. Sterility is caused by which pollutant in water?
(a) Cadmium
(b) Copper
(c) Manganese
(d) Mercury
35. Limit of BOD prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste water into natural surface water, is
(a) < 3.0 ppm
(b) <10 ppm
(c) < 100 ppm
(d) < 30 ppm
36. A substantial fall in C02 and S02 level has been found in Delhi between 1997 and 2005 due to
(a) use of purified, unleaded petrol
(b) use of purified, unleaded diesel
(c) use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in public transports
(d) use of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) in public transports
37. Which of the following is called Terror of Bengal?
(a) Nelumbo nucifera
(b) Eichhornia crassipes
(c) Lemna
(d) Pistia
38. The presence of large amounts of nutrients in water causes excessive growth of planktonic algae, called
(a) algal bloom
(b) eutrophication
(c) biomagnification
(d) acidification
39. BOD stands for
(a) Biological Oxygen Demand
(b) Biochemical Oxygen Demand
(c) Beneficial Oxygen Development
(d) Beneficial Oxygen Demand
40. Biomagnification is
(a) increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels
(b) the natural ageing of a lake by biological enrichment of its water
(c) heated (thermal) waste water flowing out of electricity generating units
(d) waste from homes, offices, stores, schools, hospitals, etc
41. If we continuously add sewage water in a river the BOD of river will
(a) decrease continuously
(b) increase continuously
(c) be higher before addition of sewage water
(d) be lower after addition of sewage water
42. In Meerut a park was rich in lichens up to 1995, but there is no lichen in that park today because of
(a) S02 pollution
(b) CO pollution
(c) Global warming
(d) Greenhouse effect
43. Which of the following is not used for disinfection of drinking water?
(a) Phenyl
(b) Chloramine
(c) Chlorine
(d) Ozone
44. Minamata disease was the result of
(a) mercury poisoning
(b) cadmium poisoning
(c) phosphate pollution
(d) eutrophication
45. The Taj Mahal is reported to be affected by
(a) S02 pollution from oil refinery of Mathura
(b) Burning of fossil fuel around Taj Mahal in Agara
(c) Photochemical smog in Agara
(d) Greenhouse effect in Agara
46. Which one of the following statements pertaining to pollutants is correct?
(a) DDT is a non-biodegradable pollutant
(b) Excess fluoride in drinking water causes osteoporosis
(c) Excess cadmium in drinking water causes black foot disease
(d) Methylmercury in water may cause ‘Itai itai’ disease
47. The loudness of a sound that a person can withstand without discomfort is about
(a) 150 dB
(b) 215 dB
(c) 30 dB
(d) 80 dB
48. World’s most problematic aquatic weed is
(a) Azolla
(b) Wotffia
(c) Eichhornia
(d) Trapa
49. The green scum seen in the freshwater bodies is
(a) blue-green algae
(b) red algae
(c) green algae
(d) Both (a) and (c)
50. Water pollution is caused by
(a) DDT
(b) 2, 4-D
(c) BHC
(d) All of these
51. Lead concentration in blood is considered alarming if it is
(a) 20(j,g/100-mL
(b) 30pg/100mL
(c) 4-6pg/100mL
(d) 10pg/100mL
52. Common indicator organism of water pollution is
(a) Lemna pancicostata
(b) Eichhornia crassipes
(c) Escherichia coli
(d) Entamoeba histolytica
53. Cadmium poisoning is responsible for
(a) Minamata disease
(b) itai-itai disease
(c) blue-baby syndrome
(d) carboxyhaemoglobinemia
54. Minamata disease was caused due to the consumption of
(a) sea food containing lot of cadmium
(b) fish contaminated with mercury
(c) oysters with lot of pesticide
(d) sea food contaminated with sellenium
55. In Minamata bay, Japan which of the following animals remained free from Minamata disease?
(a) Cow
(b) Cats
(c) Dogs
(d) Pigs
56. BOD is
(a) amount of oxygen utilised by microorganisms
(b) amount of oxygen utilised by organisms in water
(c) total amount of oxygen present in water
(d) All of the above
57. DDT is
(a) organophosphate
(b) organochlorine
(c) carbonate
(d) triazine
58. The presence of water blooms in a lake indicates ,
(a) excessive nutrient
(b) nutrient deficiency
(c) oxygen deficiency
(d) the absence of herbivores
59. Among pollutants, which has the most lasting effect
(a) carbon monoxide
(b) pesticides
(c) sulphur dioxide
(d) smoke from chimneys
60. Lead is mainly considered as
(a) air pollutant
(b) water pollutant
(c) soil pollutant
(d) noise pollutant
61. A secondary pollutant is
(a) CO
(b) C02
(c) PAN
(d) Aerosol
62. Anxiety and stress are caused by
(a) air pollution
(b) noise pollution
(c) water pollution
(d) nuclear pollution
63. A sewage treatment process, in which, a portion of the decomposer bacteria present in the waste is recycled into the beginning of the process, is called
(a) cyclic treatment
(b) primary treatment
(c) activated sludge treatment
(d) tertiary treatment
64. Sewage water can be purified for recycling with action of
(a) microorganisms
(b) penicillin
(c) fishes
(d) aquatic plants
65. Pollution from animal excreta and organic waste from kitchen can be most profitably minimized by
(a) stroring them in underground storage tanks
(b) using them for producing biogas
(c) vermiculture
(d) using them directly as biofertilisers
66. Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?
(a) Biomass burning — Release of C02
(b) Fossil fuel burning — Release of C02
(c) Nuclear power — Radioactive wastes
(d) Solar energy — Greenhouse effect
67. Strontium-90 is one of the most dangerous radioactive pollutant, which can cause
(a) leukaemia
(b) bone cancer
(c) degeneration of tissues
(d) All of these
68. Which one of the following impurities is easiest to remove from wastewater?
(a) Bacteria
(b) Colloids
(c) Dissolved solids
(d) Suspended solids
69. Greenhouse effect is due to the presence of
(a) ozone layer in the atmosphere
(b) moisture layer in the atmosphere
(c) C02 layer in the atmospheres
(d) infrared light reaching the earth
70. Identify the correctly matched pair Global warming Climatic change Ground water pollution Biodiversity conservation
71. UV rays are non-ionising type and are lethal due to inactivation of
(a) proteins
(b) pigments
(c) nucleic acid
(d) All of these
72. In which of the following layers of atmosphere, ozone depletion is most harmful?
(a) Trophosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Nanosphere
73. Which of the following treaty was’ signed to recognising the deleterious affects of ozone depletion?
(a) Chipko movement
(b) Montreal protocol
(c) Earth Summit
(d) Kyoto protocol
74. Ozone layer in upper atmosphere (stratosphere) is destroyed by
(a) photochemical smog
(b) chlorofluorocarbons
(c) sulphur dioxide
(d) hydrochloric acid
75. The molecular action of ultraviolet light is mainly reflected through
(a) destruction of hydrogen bonds between DNA strands
(b) photodynamic action
(c) formation of pyrimidine
(d) formation of sticky metaphase
76. Montreal protocol, which calls for appropriate action to protect the ozone layer from human activities was passed in the year
(a) 1986
(b) 1987
(c) 1988
(d) 1985
77. The Montreal protocol refers to
(a) persistent organic pollutants
(b) global warming and climate change
(c) substances that deplete the ozone layer
(d) biosafety of genetically modified organisms
78. Which of the following is not correct?
(a) Greenhouse effect is related to global warming
(b) First earth summit held at Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) in 1992
(c) Kyoto protocol held in Japan
(d) Montreal protocol is related to greenhouse gases
79. Which of the following is not correct?
(a) The ozone layer is destroyed by aerosols
(b) Pollutants released by jet planes are aerosols
(c) Major aerosol pollutant present in jet plane emissions is S02
(d) CFCs release chlorine molecules, which are harmful to ozone
80. In 1975, atmospheric scientists first discovered the formation of ozone hole, maximum over
(a) Arctic
(b) Antarctica .
(c) India
(d) Pakistan
81. Ozone depletion in ,the stratosphere shall result in increased incidence of
(a) heart diseases
(b) lung diseases
(c) skin diseases
(d) liver diseases
82. Choose the incorrect statement.
(a) The Montreal Protocol is associated with the control of emission of ozone depleting substance
(b) Methane and carbon dioxide are green house gases
(c) Dobson units are used to measure oxygen content
(d) Use of incinerators is crucial to disposal of hospital wastes
83. ‘Chipko Movement’ is connected with
(a) project tiger
(b) plant breeding
(c) plant/forest conservation
(d) conservation of natural resources
Direction (Q. Nos. 84-90) In each of the following questions a statement of Assertion is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
84. Assertion A Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) is an important pollutant released by diesel vehicles.
Reason Catalytic converters greatly reduce pollution caused by automobiles.
85. Assertion Agricultural output increased several times after introduction of DDT.
Reason DDT was the first insecticide used on a wide scale.
86. Assertion A concentration of methane in the atmosphere has more than doubled in the last 250 years.
Reason Wetlands and rice fields are the major sources of methane.
87. Assertion Methane component of green house gases contribution to global warming is about 20%.
Reason Introduction of rrjultipoint fuel injection engines in automobiles has decreased methane content in the exhausts.
88. Assertion Presently, the global atmosphere, is warming up.
Reason The depletion of stratospheric ozone layer has resulted in increase in ultraviolet radiations reaching the earth.
89. Assertion UV radiation causes photodissociation of ozone into 02 and 0, thus causing damage to the stratospheric ozone layer.
Reason Ozone hole is resulting in global warming and climate change.
90. Assertion Deforestation is one of the main factor contributing to global warming.
Reason Besides C02, two other gases methane and CFCs are also included under greenhouse gases.
91. Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D ABCD
(a) 4 3 2 1 (b) 2 21 3 4
(c) 3 4 1 2 (d) 1 2 3 4
92. Match the following columns.
Codes
ABCD A B C D
(a) 1 5 4 2 (b) 5 3 4 1
(c) 5 4 2 1 (d) 2 3 4 1
93. Match the following columns.
Codes
ABCD ABCD
(a) 4 1 2 3 (b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 2 3 1 5 (d) 5 4 2 1
94. High value of BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) indicates that
(a) water is pure
(b) water is highly polluted
(c) water is less polluted
(d) consumption of organic matter in the water is higher by the microbes
95. Which of the following is not one of prime health risks associated with greater UV radiation through the atmosphere due to the depletion of stratospheric zone?
(a) Increased skin cancer
(b) Reduced immune system
(c) Damage to eyes
(d) Increased liver cancer
96. A scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant removes
(a) Gases like sulphur dioxide
(b) Particulate matter of the size 5 micrometer or above
(c) Gases like ozone and methane
(d) Particulate matter of the size 2.5 micrometer of less
97. What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters?
(a) Methane and C02
(b) Methane, hydrogen sulphide andC02
(c) Methane, hydrogen sulphide and 02
(d) Hydrogen sulphide and C02
98. Global warming can be controlled by
(a) Reducing reforestation, increasing the use of fossil fuel.
(b) Increasing deforestation, slowing down the growth of human population
(c) Increasing deforestation, reducing efficiency of energy usage
(d) Reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel
99. The Air Prevention and Control of Pollution Act came into force in
(a) 1981
(b) 1985
(c) 1990
(d) 1975
100. During sewage treatment, biogases are produced which include
(a) methane, oxygen, hydrogen sulphide
(b) hydrogen sulphide, methane, sulphur dioxide
(c) hydrogen sulphide, nitrogen, methane ,
(d) methane, hydrogen sulphide, carbon dioxide
101. Kyoto Protocol was endorsed at
(a) CoP-5
(b) CoP-6
(c) CoP-4
(d)CoP-3
102. Which one of the following is a wrong statement?
(a) Most of the forests have been lost in tropical areas
(b) Ozone in upper part of atmosphere is harmful to animals
(c) Greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon
(d) Eutrophication is a natural phenomenon in freshwater bodies
103. In an area where DDT had been used extensively, the population of birds declined significantly because
(a) birds stopped laying eggs
(b) earthworms in the area got eradicated
(c) cobras were feeding exclusively on birds
(d) many of the birds eggs laid, did not hatch
104. Secondary sewage treatment is mainly a
(a) mechanical process
(b) chemical process
(c) biological process
(d) physical process
105. Which one of the following pairs of gases are the major cause of ‘Greenhouse effect’?
(a) C02 and CO
(b) CFCs and SO,
(c) C02 and N20
(d) C02 and 03
106. The two gases making highest relative concentration to the greenhouse gases are
(a) C02 and CH4
(b) CH4 and NOz
(c) CFCs and N20
(d) C02 and N20
