NEET Biology Chapter Wise Mock Test – Mineral Nutrition
1. An essential element is one which
(a) improves plant growth
(b)is present in plant ash
(c)is available in soil
(d) is indispensable for growth and is irreplaceable
2. What is an essential element?
(a) An element that is present in the soil
(b) An element that is present in the plant
(c) An element that improves plant growth
(d) An element without which a plant will not grow and completes its life cycle
3. The framework elements of plants are
(a) magnesium, copper and iron
(b) copper, carbon and oxygen
(c) manganese, calcium and nitrogen
(d) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
4. Tick the incorrect option plant can be grown in
(a) soil with essential nutrients
(b) water with essential
(c) either water or soil with essential nutrients
(d) water or soil without essential nutrients
5. Which one of the following role is not characteristic of an essential element?
(a) Being a component of biomolecules
(b) Changing the chemistry of soil
(c) Being a structural component of energy related chemical
(d) Activation or inhibition of enzymes
6. Which one of the following statements can best explain the term critical concentration of an essential element?
(a) Essential element concentration below which plant growth is retarded
(b) Essential element concentration below which plant growth becomes enhanced
(c) Essential element concentration below which plant remains in the vegetative phase
(d) None of the above
7. Essential micronutrients are also known as
(a) inorganic nutrients
(b) trace elements
(c) radioisotopes
(d) organic nutrients
8. Who proved for the first time that the plants contain a large number.of minerals and microelements?
(a) De Saussure (1804)
(b) Leibeg (1804)
(c) Glauber and Mayhow (1656)
(d) Arnon and Stout (1939)
9. What is ths~srgnificance of ash in the study of mineral nutrition of plants?
(a) It tells that which minerals are present in the soil
(b) It informs about which element is essential and in which amount5 ibis necessary for a particular plant
(c) It is of no practical significance
(d) It indicates that how much irrigation is needed for a plant
10. The minimal concentration of a macroelement per gram of dry matter in plants is
(a) 1000 pg/g of dry matter
(b) 100 pg/g of dry matter
(c) 1500 pg/g of dry matter
(d) 995 pg/g of dry matter
11. Microelements are those essential elements, which are required by the plants in concentration
(a) less than 1 mg/g of dry matter
(b) less than 1 mg/10 g of’dry matter
(c) more than 1 mg/g of dry matter
(d) equal to 1 mg/g of dry matter
12. Which one of the following is macronutrient?
(a) Ca
(b) Mo
(c) Mn
(d) Zn
13. Which one of the following is micronutrient?
(a) N
(b) Ca
(c) Cu
(d) C
14. Critical elements are
(a) N, P and S
(b) N, S and K
(c) N, P and K
(d) P, K and S
15. Which one of the following elements is not an essential micronutrient for plant growth?
(a) Mn
(b) Zn
(c) Cu
(d) Ca
16. NPK denotes
(a) Nitrogen, Protein and Kinetin
(b) Nitrogen, Protein and Potassium
(c) Nitrogen, Potassium and Kinetin
(d) Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium
17. Which group of elements is not essential for a normal plant?
(a) Potassium, calcium and magnesium
(b) Iron, zinc, manganese and boron
(c) Lead, nickel, iodine and sbdium
(d) Manganese, iron and molybdenum
18. Deficiency symptoms of an element tend to appear first in young leaves. It indicates that the element is relatively immobile. Which one of the following elemental deficiency would show such symptoms?
(a) Sulphur
(b) Magnesium
(c) Nitrogen
(d) Potassium
19. The non-essential element present in several grasses, sedges, diatoms, etc is
(a) molybdenum
(b) cobalt
(c) zinc
(d) silicon
20. Nitrogen is absorbed by plants in the form of
(a) NOg
(b) NH3
(c) NOj
(d) Both (a) and (c)
21. Complete suppression or delay in flowering occurs due to the deficiency of
(a) phosphorus
(b) nitrogen
(c) calcium
(d) iron
22. Attractive colour of apples may be induced by reducing the supply of .
(a) Ca
(b) N
(c) K
(d) B
23. Plant growth is stunted due to the deficiency of
(a) nitrogen and potassium
(b) potassium and iron
(c) calcium and iron
(d) All of the above
24. Why slight deficiency of phosphorus is considered to be useful to the plants against desiccation?
(a) It induces greater mechanical tissues and higher root/shoot ratio
(b) It induces greater mechanical tissues and increase in the rate of photosynthesis
(c) It induces greater mechanical tissues and increase in the rate of respiration
(d) It induces greater mechanical tissues and increase in flowering
25. Which one of the following symptoms is not due to manganese toxicity in plants?
(a) Calcium translocation in shoot apex is inhibited
(b) Deficiency in both iron and nitrogen induced
(c) Appearance of brown spot surrounded by chlorotic veins
(d) None of the above
26. The most common ion found freely in the cell is
(a) phosphorus
(b) potassium
(c) iron
(d) sulphur
27. Sulphur is an important nutrient for optimum growth and productivity in
(a) pulse crops
(b) cereals
(c) fibre crops
(d) oilseed crops
28. Yellowing of tea leaves occurs due to deficiency of
(a) Mo
(b) S
(c) B
(d) Mg
29. A plant requires magnesium for
(a)holding cells together
(b) protein synthesis
(c) chlorophyll synthesis
(d) cell wall development
30. Match the element with its associated functions/roles and choose the correct option among given below
Codes
A BCD E A B C D E
(a) 1 2 3 4 5 (b) 4 1 3 2 5
(c) 3 2 4 5 1 (d) 2 3 5 1 4
31. Farmers in a particular region were concerned that pre-mature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might cause decrease in the yield. Which treatment could be most beneficial to obtain maximum seed yield?
(a) Frequent irrigation of the crop
(b) Treatment of the plants with cytokinins along with a small dose of nitrogenous fertiliser
(c) Removal of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid
(d) Application of iron and magnesium to promote synthesis of chlorophyll
32. Biotin contains one of the following elements
(a)cobalt
(b)sulphur
(c) iron
(d) magnesium
33. Rapid deterioration of root and shoot occurs due to the deficiency of
(a) calcium
(b) phosphorus
(c) carbon
(d) nitrogen
34. The elements that take part in catalytic reactions are
(a) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
(b) zinc, manganese and copper
(c) phosphorus, potassium and oxygen
(d) nitrogen, oxygen and zinc
35. The deficiencies of micronutrients, not only affect growth of plants but also vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow. Among the list given below, which group of three elements shall affect most, both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport?
(a) Cu, Mn and Fe
(b) Co, Ni and Mo
(c) Mn, Co and Ca
(d) Ca, K and Na
36. Which of the following elements is absorbed by plants from soil directly?
(a) Carbon
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Boron
(d) Hydrogen
37. Brown heart disease is due to deficiency of
(a) Mo
(b) K
(c) Fe
(d) B
38. Which element is useful for seed germination?
(a) B
(b) Fe
(c) Mg
(d) Zn
39. The brown colour of leaves of cabbage, is due to the deficiency of
(a) boron
(b) nitrogen
(c) sulphur
(d) calcium
40. Exanthema in citrus is caused due to the deficiency of
(a) Cu
(b) Zn
(c) Fe
(d) Mn
41. The element that causes toxic effect upon protoplasm are
(a) arsenic, copper and mercury’
(b) carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
(c) arsenic, carbon and mercury
(d) copper, calcium and phosphorus
42. The deficiency of molybdenum causes
(a) wilting of plant
(b) frequent leaf fall before senescence
(c) chlorosis in plant
(d) mottling and necrosis in plant
43. Necrosis of leaves is not done by
(a) Fe
(b) Na
(c) K
(d) Zn
44. Sodium, essential for animal, is not needed by the majority of the plants. However, it is essential micro element for certain
(a) temperate plants
(b) salt marsh species
(c) seleniferous plants
(d) hydrophytes
45. Inorganic nutrients are present in the soil in the form of
(a) molecules
(b) atoms
(c) electrically charged ions
(d) parasites
46. Which of the following statement is wrong?
(a) Water and inorganic salts are taken in simultaneously by root hair
(b) Plants absorb only one thing at a time either water or inorganic salts
(c) Plants take in small quantity of mineral salts through soil water
(d) Roots are one of the main absorbing organs of plants
47. Movement of ions or molecules against the electrochemical gradient is called
(a) diffusion
(b) pinocytosis
(c) Brownian movement
(d) active transport
48. The fact that the energy of metabolism is used in uptake of ions is demonstrated by
(a) increased ion uptake in the presence of 02
(b) decreased ion uptake in the presence of 02
(c) increased ion uptake in the presence of ATP
(d) increased ion uptake in the presence of NAD
49. The theory suggesting that carbon dioxide in respiration helps in mineral absorption is called
(a) carbonic acid exchange theory
(b) contact exchange theory
(c) active mineral absorption
(d) Donnan equilibrium
50. Aeroponics is also called as
(a) soilless cultivation of plants
(b) parthenocarpy
(c) vivipary
(d) phytotron
51. Hydroponics is a system of growing plants in
(a) soilless cultures or solution cultures
(b) acidic soils
(c) soilless cultures with alkaline pH
(d) soilless cultures with acidic pH
52. It is possible to get a rough idea of the deficiency of an essential element in the soil without doing soil tests
(a) only by making a detailed analysis of the ash of a plant growing in it
(b) by noting the typical morphological symptoms of deficiency shown by plants growing in it
(c) by observing the physical texture of the soil
(d) by determining the dry weight of the plant
53. Which of the following is not caused by deficiency of mineral nutrition?
(a) Necrosis
(b) Chlorosis
(c) Etiolation
(d) Shortening of internodes
54. Plants detoxify heavy metals by means of
(a) allelopectins
(b) arsenic acid
(c) phytolexins
(d) phytochelatins
55. A nitrogen fixing microbe associated with Azolla in rice field is
(a) Spirulina
(b) Anabaena
(c) Frankia
(d) Tolypothrix
56. The function of nitrogen fixation in Anabaena (cyanobacterium) is performed by
(a) thylakoid
(b) heterocyst
(c) phycocyanin
(d) phycoerythrin
57. A heterotroph is an organism that derives it’s energy from
(a) light
(b) inorganic molecules
(c) organic molecules
(d) heat
58. Reaction carried out by N2 fixing microbes include
(a) 2NH3 + 302 > 2N02- + 2H+ +2H20 …(i)
(b) 2N02 + 02 > 2N03 …(ii)
Which of the following statements about these equations is not true?
(a) Step (i) is carried out by Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus
(b) Step (ii) is carried out by Nitrobacter
(c) Both steps (i) and (ii) can be called nitrification
(d) Bacteria carrying out these steps are usually photoautotrophs
59. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria is
(a) Frankia
(b) Acetobacter
(c) Mycoplasma
(d) Chlamydia
60. With regard to the biological nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium in association with soyabean, which one of the following statement/ statements does not held true.
(a) Nitrogenase may require oxygen for its functioning.
(b) Nitrogenase is Mo-Fe protein .
(c) Leghaemoglobin is a pink coloured pigment
(d) Nitrogenase helps to convert N2 gas into two molecules of ammonia
61. Organisms, which obtain energy by the oxidation of reduced inorganic compound are called
(a) photoautotrophs
(b) chemoautotrophs
(c) saprozoic
(d) coproheterotrophs
62. Photolithotrophs
(a) obtain energy from radiations and hydrogen from organic compounds
(b) obtain energy from radiations and hydrogen from inorganic compounds
(c) obtain energy from organic compounds
(d) obtain energy from inorganic compounds
63. Enzyme nitrogenase is required for
(a) nitrification
(b) nitrite reduction
(c) nitrate reduction
(d) nitrogen fixation
64. Component of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase is
(a) N
(b) Mo
(c) CO
(d) No specific component
65. The pigment protein present in nodulated roots which is inhibited by Rhizobium is
(a) nitrate reductase
(b) hydrogenase
(c) leghaemoglobin
(d) plastocyanin
66. The function of leghaemoglobin during biological nitrogen fixation in root nodules of legumes, is to
(a) convert atmospheric N2 to NHg
(b) convert ammonia to nitrite
(c) transport oxygen for activity of nitrogenase
(d) protect nitrogenase from oxygen
67. If by radiation, all nitrogenase enzymes are inactivated, then there will be no
(a) fixation of nitrogen in legumes
(b) fixation of atmospheric nitrogen
(c) conversion from nitrate to nitrite in legumes
(d) conversion from ammonium to nitrate in soil.
68. Identify the labels in the given flow diagram which links the major nitrogen pools.
Choose the correct combination from the options given below.
(a) A—Nitrification, B-Ammonification, C-Nitrobacter, D-Nitrosomonas
(b) A-Ammonification, B-Denitrification, C—Nitrification, D-Nitrosomonas, E-Nitrobacter
(c) A-Denitrification, B-Nitrobacter, C-Nitrification, D-Nitrosomonas, E-Ammonification
(d) k-Nitrobacter, B-Denitrification, C-Nitrosomonas, D-Ammqnification
69. The insectivorous plants can grow well in the deficiency of
(a) nitrogen
(b) oxygen
(c) carbon dioxide
(d) hydrogen
70. The carnivorous plants live in water logged or boggy habitats, which are deficient in
(a) nitrates
(b) sulphites
(c) oxygen
(d) many salts
71. The ability of the venus flytrap to capture the insects is due to
(a) chemical stimulation by the prey
(b) a passive process requiring no special ability on the part of the plant
(c) specialised ‘muscle-like’ cells
(d) rapid turgor pressure changes
72. Identify the A-D correctly in the given diagram of root nodule development and choose the correct option accordingly.
(a) A-Rhizobial bacteria, B-Cortex cell, C-Outer cortex, D-Infection thread
(b) A-Rhizobial bacteria, B-Cortex cell, C-Inner cortex, D-Infection thread
(c) A-Rhizobial bacteria, B-Endodermal cell, C-Inner endodermis, D-Infection thread
(d) A-Nitrosomonas bacteria, BrCortex cell, C-Inner cortex, D-Infection thread
73. An insectivorous plant has rosette of prostrate leaves with winged petiole. The lamina consists of two round halves having teeth like margins deviced for catching prey. It is named as
(a) Drosera
(b) Utricularia
(c) Nepenthes
(d) Dionaea
74. Given diagram belongs to bacteroids in nodule.
Identify A and B and choose the correct option accordingly.
(a) A- Bacteria;
(b) A-Leghaemoglobin;
(c) A-Bacteroids;
(d) A-Bacteroids;
Direction (Q. Nos. 75-77) In each of the following questions a statement of Assertion is given followed by a corresponding statement of Reason just below it. Of the statements, mark the correct answer as
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
75. Assertion Root nodules are pinkish in colour internally.
Reason Pink colour is due to the presence of pigment leghaemoglobin.
76. Assertion Deficiency of sulphur causes chlorosis in plants.
Reason Sulphur is a constituent of chlorophyll, proteins and nucleic acids.
77. Assertion Elements like Ca, Mg and K perform antagonistic or balancing functions.
Reason Elements like Ca, Mg and K counter act the toxic effects of other mineral elements by maintaining ionic balance.
78. Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 4 3 1 2
(b) 2 1 4 3
(c) 4 4 1 2
(d) 2 1 3 4
79. Match the following columns.
Codes
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 4 1 2 3
(c) 5 4 2 1
C A 19
80. Minerals known to be required in large amounts for plant growth include
(a) phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, calcium
(b) calcium, magnesium, manganese, copper
(c) potassium, phosphorus, selenium, boron
(d) magnesium, sulphur, iron, zinc
81. During biological nitrogen fixation, inactivation of nitrogenase by oxygen poisoning is prevented by
(a) Leghaemoglobin
(b) Xanthophyll
(c) Carotene
(d) Cytochrome
82. The oxygen evolved during photosynthesis comes from water molecules. Which one of the following pairs elements is involved in this reaction?
(a) Manganese and Chlorine
(b) Manganese and Potassium
(c) Magnesium and Molybdenum
(d) Magnesium Chlorine
83. Deficiency symptoms of nitrogen and potassium are visible first in
(a) senescent leaves
(b) young leaves
(c) roots
(d) buds
84. Which of the following role is not a characteristic of an essential element?
(a) Being a component of biomolecule
(b) Changing the chemistry of soil
(c) Activation or imbibition of enzymes
(d) Being a structural component of energy related chemical compounds
85. The first stable product of fixation of atmospheric N2 in leguminous plant is
(a) ammonia
(b) glutamate
(b) NOg
(d) N02
86. Which one of the following is wrong statement?
(a) Anabaena and Nostoc are capable of fixing nitrogen in free-living state also
(b) Root nodule forming nitrogen fixers live as aerobes under free-living conditions
(c) Phosphorus is a constituent of cell membranes, certain nucleic acids and all proteins
(d) Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are chemoautotrophs
87. The function of leghaemoglobin in the root nodules of legumes is
(a) oxygen removal _
(b) nodule differentiation
(c) expression of nif gene
(d) inhibition of nitrogenase activity
88. Nitrifying bacteria
(a) convert free nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
(b) convert proteins into ammonia
(c) reduce nitrates to free nitrogen
(d) oxidize ammonia to nitrates
89. A prokaryotic autotrophic nitrogen-fixing symbiont is found in
(a) Cycas
(b) Cicer
(c) Pisum
(d) Alnus
90. An element playing important role in nitrogen fixation is
(a) molybdenum
(b) copper
(c) manganese
(d) zinc
Answers :
