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Properties of Substances – Maharashtra Board Class 8 Solutions for General Science

Properties of Substances – Maharashtra Board Class 8 Solutions for General Science (English Medium)

MathematicsGeneral ScienceMaharashtra Board Solutions

Solution 1:

  • Melting point: The temperature at which the state of a substance changes from solid to liquid is called the melting point of the substance.
  • Boiling point: The temperature at which a substance boils is called its boiling point.
  • Distillation: Distillation is a process in which a liquid is first heated to its boiling point, and its vapour is cooled to obtain the liquid again.

Solution 2:

Distillation:
properties-substances-maharashtra-board-class-8-solutions-general-science-2

Solution 3.a:
A condenser has two taps which acts as an inlet and an outlet to allow the circulation of cold water around the inner tube.

Solution 3.b:
A condenser has two taps which acts as an inlet and an outlet to allow the circulation of cold water around the inner tube.

Solution 4:

‘A’ ‘B’
a. Melting point 4. Change of state from solid to liquid.
b. Boiling point 3. Change of state of a liquid into a gas.
c. Fractional distillation 2. Obtaining diesel from crude oil.
d. Distillation 1. Separating common salt and water from their mixture.

Solution 5.a:
Take some water in a beaker. Introduce a thermometer into the water in such a way that the bulb of the thermometer is completely immersed in water. Insert a stirrer into the water. Arrange the apparatus as shown in the figure.
properties-substances-maharashtra-board-class-8-solutions-general-science-5a

Heat the water with a burner. Keep on stirring the water. After some time, the temperature starts rising till it reaches 100°C. At this temperature, water starts boiling and is converted into steam. The temperature remains constant till a large quantity of water is converted into steam. The temperature so recorded is the boiling point of water.

Solution 5.b:
After lighting a candle, the wax melts into liquid as it has a low melting point. The melted wax also burns on the wick producing carbon dioxide and water. Therefore, when a candle burns, it changes into the solid, liquid and gaseous states.

Solution 5.c:
Yes. Distillation is a process of separating a solid substance from its solution. Example: Seawater is a mixture of salt and water. During distillation, water gets distilled out and the salt crystals remain in the distillation flask.

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