Simple Machines – Maharashtra Board Class 6 Solutions for General Science (English Medium)
MathematicsGeneral ScienceMaharashtra Board Solutions
Solution 1.a:
The devices with a simple structure are called simple machines. An inclined plane and a lever are examples of simple machines.
Solution 1.b:
The use of a machine helps to reduce the labour and time required to do something, to do work of uniform quality without stoppages and to get difficult work done easily.
Solution 1.c:
A pulley is a type of simple machine which is in the form of a wheel with grooves on its rim fixed on a strong support.
Solution 1.d:
A sloping plank of wood, a strong steel plate or a slope constructed from masonry can be used as an inclined plane.
Solution 1.e:
A rigid rod which turns around a fixed support is called a lever.
Solution 1.f:
A complex machine is a combination of many simple machines. For example, a big crane is a complex machine which has a pulley (simple machine) at the top.
Solution 1.g:
There are three kinds of levers according to the position of the force applied, the fulcrum and the load.
Solution 1.h:
- Machines should be looked after well.
- Machines should be wiped and cleaned to prevent settling of dust in their parts.
- The parts which are rubbed against each other should be oiled at regular intervals of time to reduce their wear and tear.
Solution 2:
(a) Pulley
(b) Lever of first order
(c) Sloping plank or inclined plane
(d) Lever of second order
(e) Pulley
Solution 3.a:
Travelling bags have wheels which roll, making it easy to push the luggage with ease than to lift it.
Solution 3.b:
Iron pipes fitted on an inclined plane act as wheels and help to push the heavy loads up easily.
Solution 3.c:
We should take care of machines to minimise wear and tear because of constant use.
Solution 3.d:
We should use a pulley to draw water from a well as a pulley pulls the rope of the bucket diagonally rather than straight up. Thus, a pulley makes it easier to draw water from a well.
Solution 4:
(a) The inclined plane is a simple machine.
(b) The wheel and its axle form a simple machine.
(c) The sewing machine is a complex machine.
(d) Force must be applied to make a machine work.
Solution 5:
Type of lever | Positions of load, force and fulcrum | Examples | ||
First order | force | fulcrum | Load | 1. Beam balance 2. Farmer’s lever |
Second order | fulcrum | load | force | 1. Bottle opener 2. Wheel barrow |
Third order | fulcrum | force | load | 1. Fishing rod 2. Lifting weight with the hand |