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Maharashtra Board Class 10 Solutions for English Reader – Saving the Environment

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Maharashtra Board Class 10 Solutions for English Reader – Saving the Environment

Question 1:
Study the Environment
Complete the table after discussing with your partner.

Pollution Problem Effect Causes Solutions
Water
Air
Sound

Answer:

Pollution Problem Effect Causes Solutions
Water Contamination of water bodies Plants and organisms living in water are affected. Water­borne diseases such as typhoid, jaundice, etc. spread among human beings

Domestic and industrial waste, oil slicks by ships, immersion of idols

 Sewage treatment plants, legal actions, using eco-friendly idols
Air

Presence of harmful gases (CO,, N02, CO)

Respiratory infections, heart and lung cancer, heart diseases

Gases emitted by vehicles and factories

 Using pollution control devices, legal action against defaulters, minimize use of vehicles
Sound Excessive displeasing noise disrupts the human / animal activity Cardiovascular effects, rise in blood pressure, increase in stress, hearing loss, headache

loud speakers, crackers, use of machines, blowing of horns

 Reducing noise at the source, avoiding blowing horns except in case of emergency, enforcement of time limits for loudspeakers, reducing the use of crackers emitting high intensity of sound

Question 2:
 What is environment?
When you say the word ‘environment’ many words related to it come to your mind. Discuss with your partner and write down all those words within one minute. The pair that finds maximum words will be the winner.

maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-1

Answer:
Words related to environment:
earth, pollution, air, eco-friendly, forests, oceans, flora and fauna, water, surroundings, atmosphere, nature, ecosystem, wildlife, protection, etc.

Part I

Passage I

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A1. Factual Reading

Question 1:
Fill in the blanks with words from the passage.
1. According to Central Pollution Board (2009), there are ______ critically industrially polluted clusters in India.
ii. The permissible limit of Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) is _______ per cubic meter.
iii. ______ city has an excedence factor of 1.5 from its permissible limit in terms of RSPM per cubic meter.
iv. Civic bodies such as _______ organize annual tree plantation drives.
Answer:
i. 88
ii. 100
iii. Pune
iv. BMC

Question 2:
State whether the following statements are True or False.
i. As per the standards of RSPM, Pune stands in the high pollution category.
ii. The annual tree plantation drive by BMC is adequate for the tree survival rate.
iii. NGOs and citizen driver of Mumbai and Pune opened a nursery.
iv. Pune and Mumbai are the cities where groups and residents associations take up green causes.
Answer:
i. True
ii. False
iii. False
iv. True

Question 3:
Name the following with reference to the passage.
i. A widespread affliction or calamity or a sudden destructive influx or injurious outbreak.
ii. It is India’s leading industrial state.
iii. The city of Maharashtra which had the highest air pollution in 2009, according to the Central Pollution Board.
iv. The city of Maharashtra which has the Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM) above 200 micrograms per cubic meter, according to the Central Pollution Board in 2009.
Answer:
i. Plague
ii. Maharashtra
iii. Chandrapur
iv. Mumbai

Read the passage from line (1 to 34) on page (125) of your textbook and answer the following questions.
[As another anniversary _______
___________ with civic officials.]

A2. Understanding the Passage

Question 1:
Complete the table.

Causes of air pollution Civic bodies fighting air pollution

Answer:

Causes of air pollution Civic bodies fighting air pollution
Commercialization CPCB
Industrial development BMC

Question 2:
Complete the web by choosing four industrial towns of Maharashtra from the given passage.
maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-5

Answer:
i. Dombivali
ii. Aurangabad
iii. Navi Mumbai
iv. Tarapur

A3. Meaning from the Text

Question 1:
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their synonyms in column ‘B’

Column A Column B
i. toxic a. main
ii. major b. poisonous
iii. expansion c. acceptable
iv. permissible d. growth

Answer:
(i — b), CU — a), (iii – d), (iv – c)

Question 2:
Write from the passage opposites of the following words.
i. minor
ii. unpolluted
iii. inadequate
iv. inactively
Answer:
i. major
ii. polluted
iii. adequate
iv. actively

A4. Language Study directed.

Question 1:
The issues raised ______ the first observation ______ this event still plague the globe. (Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions)
Answer:
The issues raised at the first observation of this event still plague the globe.

Question 2:
Air pollution has been a major concern for the state. (Frame a ‘Wh’ question to get the underlined part as an answer)
Answer:
What has been a major concern for the state?

Question 3:
Their expansion was put on hold. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Their expansion was put on hold, wasn’t it?

Question 4:
The tree survival rate is not adequate. (Rewrite as an affirmative sentence)
Answer:
The tree survival rate is inadequate.

Question 5:
NGOs undertake regular planting of saplings in cities. (Rewrite in present perfect continuous tense)
Answer:
NGOs have been undertaking regular planting of saplings in cities.

Personal Response

Question 1:
Give some suggestions of your own for the people who live in big cities for their health safety. 1A5 — III (2), pg. 1261
Answer:
People living in big cities can undertake the following measures for their health safety:
i. use handkerchiefs or masks to cover their mouths while moving in traffic, be it on foot or two wheelers
ii. stop the engines of their vehicles at traffic signals .
iii. use vehicles only when they are unavoidable
iv. walk / cycle to prevent air pollution and maintain good health
v. boil or filter water before using it for cooking or drinking
vi. limit the time spent in noisy areas

maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-6
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A1. Factual Reading

Question 1:
Fill in the blanks with words from the passage.
I. Ganpati idols made of _______ do not dissolve eai1y and pollute the water.

ii. MPCB ties with various ____ idol makers every year.
iii. _____ generates around 6,500 tonnes of solid waste per day.
iv. According to CPCB, ______ state ranks first in generation of solid waste per day.
Answer:
i. POP
ii. clay
iii. Mumbai
iv. Maharashtra

Read the passage from line (35 to 67) on page (125) of your textbook and answer the following questions.
[Noise: Although noise pollution ______
________ space for dumping waste.]

Question 2:
Complete the web by choosing the abbreviations from the passage.
maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-9

Answer:
ï. NGO
ii. MPCB
iii. BMC
iv. CPCB

A3. Meaning from the Text

Write from the passage
i. one word that means in a notable manner’.
ii. one word that means ‘an act of making something compulsory’.
iii. one word that means ‘disagreement between people’.
iv. one phrase that means ‘together with.
Answer:
i. significantly
ii. enforcement
iii. contention
iv. in conjunction with

A4. Language Study
Do as directed.

Question 1:
Noise pollution levels have dropped ¡n recent years. (Rewrite as a negative sentence)
Answer:
Noise pollution levels have not increased in recent years.

Question 2:
Eco-friendly Ganpatis have become popular in cities. (Rewrite in present continuous tense)
Answer:
Eco-friendly Ganpatis are becoming popular in cities.

Question 3:
Idols made of POP do not dissolve easily. (Rewrite as an interrogative sentence)
Answer:
Do idols made of POP dissolve easily?

Question 4:
Find out the describing word from the following sentence and use it in your own sentence.
This ¡s important as idols made of POP do not dissolve easily and pollute the water.
Answer:
important — Mumbai is an important industrial centre of India.

Question 5:
MPCB ties up with various clay makers.
(Frame a ‘Wh question’ to get the underlined part as an answer)
Answer:
Who ties up with various clay makers?

Question 6:
Due to changing lifestyles in urban areas, the amount of waste generated in the state is high. (Rewrite using ‘because’)
Answer:
Because of changing lifestyles in urban areas, the amount of waste generated in the state is high.

A5. Personal Response

Question 1:
What suggestions would you like to give for controlling sound pollution?
Answer:
I would suggest the following measures for controlling sound pollution:
i. Awareness should be created among the people regarding the ill-effects of sound pollution. They should be made to realise that they are bound with some responsibilities while enjoying their
freedom.
ii. Strict enforcement of law by the police and punishing the offenders would help in çntroIling sound pollution.

Question 2:
How does population growth put stress on water resources in metropolitan cities?
Answer:
Population growth does put a lot of stress on water resources as these days people, are seen migrating to cities for various reasons like employment, education and medical facilities.
Water is one of the basic needs of man. Water is required for various purposes, such as drinking, cooking and bathing. When population increases, the requirement for water also increases. Water available in the lakes does not fulfill the growing needs. So, there is water shortage in metropolitan cities due to the growth of population.

Part II

Passage III

maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-10

A1. Factual Reading

Question 1:
Complete the following sentences using proper words from the passage and rewrite.
î. The complete ban on ________ was proposed by the government.
ii. Plastic that remains in environment releases
iii. The anti-plastic movement is gaining steam in , ________ and Nagpur cities.
iv. Instead of plastic bags, citizens are carrying
Answer:
i. plastics
ii. toxic substances
iii. Mumbai, Pune
iv. cloth or paper bags

Question 2:
Read the passage and arrange the sentences in the correct sequence.
i. The anti-plastic movement is gaining stream in the cities.
ii. The government proposed a complete ban on plastics.
iii. Mahabaleshwar recently issued a blanket ban on plastic usage in the hill station.
iv. Thin plastic bags choked the drains.
Answer:
i. Thin plastic bags choked the drains.
ii. The government proposed a complete ban on plastics.
iii. The anti-plastic movement is gaining stream in the cities.
iv. Mahabaleshwar recently issued a blanket ban on plastic usage in the hill station.

Question 3:
Read the passage and complete the following.
We should minimize the use of plastic because
i. ______________
ii. ______________
iii. _______
iv. _______
Answer:
We should minimize the use of plastic because:
i. plastic bags choke the drains and cause water logging.
ii. plastic bags of thickness less than 50 miçrons are harmful.
iii. plastic degrades slowly, it remains in the environment for a long time.
iv. plastic is known to’ release toxic substances.

Read the passage from line (1 to 18) on page (128) of your textbook and answer the following questions.
Tbe menace of plastic ………………
………………in the hill station.)

A2. Understanding the Passage

Question 1:
Read the text and complete the following.
i.. Disadvantages of plastic:
a. _______ b. _______
ii. Efforts done by anti-plastic movement:
a. ______ b. _______
Answer:
i. Disadvantages of plastic:
a. Degrades slowly hence, remains in the environment for a long time.
b. Releases toxic substances.

ii. Efforts done by anti-plastic movement:
a. ‘Say no to plastic campaigns in cities, that have led to various citizens carrying cloth or paper bags.
b. Issue of blanket ban on the use of plastic in Mahabaleshwar.

Complete the web
maharashtra-board-class-10-solutions-for-english-reader-saving-the-environment-11

Answer:
i. Mumbai
ii. Pune
iii. Nagpur
iv. Mahabaleshwar

A3. Meaning from the Text

Question 1:
Write the words from the passage that mean:
i. Something that is likely to cause harm . [Oct 14J]
ii. Period after an unpleasant event or accident [Oct 141
iii. To stop the use of something by legal means
iv. Usefulness [Oct 14]
v. Planned activity to achieve something . [Oct 14]
Answer:
i. menace
ii. aftermath
iii. ban
iv. utility
v. movement

Question 2:
Choose the correct phrases from the brackets and fill in the blanks. 1 July 15
(for a long time, came to the fore, due to, blanket ban)
i. Farmers suffered a heavy loss ________ heavy rains.
ii. India has been struggling _____ to solve the social issues.
iii. There should be a _______ on smoking at public places.
iv. The evil effects of overuse of plastic _______ only after the flood.
Answer:
i. due to
ii. for a long time
iii. blanket ban
iv. came to the fore

Question 3:
Write opposites of the following words.
i. complete
ii. decided
iii. degrades
iv. recently
Answer:
i. incomplete
ii. undecided
iii. upgrades
iv. lately

A4. Language Study
Do as directed.

Question 1:
The government proposed a complete ban. (Change the rojce)
Answer:
A complete ban was proposed by the government.

Question 2:
The government proposed a complete ban on plastic. (Choose the correct ‘wh’ question from the alternatives given for the underlined words)
i. Why did the government propose’?
ii. What did the government propose?
iii. When did the government propose?
iv. Where did the government propose? [july 15]
Answer:
ii. What did the government propose?

Question 3:
Plastic is completely banned In the state. (Rewrite in present continuous tense)
Answer:
Plastic is being completely banned in the state.

Question 4:
Plastic remains In the environment for a long time. (Add a question tag)
Answer:
Plastic remains in the environment for a long time, doesn’t it?

Question 5:
Plastic degrades slowly. (Chane into negative)
Answer:
Plastic dqs not degrade rapidly.

Question 6:
The anti-plastic movement is gaining stream in cities. (Choose the correct verb from the brackets to change the sentence into a continuous future tense)
(will gain, will be gaining, will gaining) IJuly 151
Answer:
The anti-plastic movement will be gaining stream in cities.

Question 7:
Find out the describing word from the following sentence and use it in your own sentence.
The government proposed a complete ban on plastics.
Answer:
complete — Sometimes experiments can be a complete failure.

Question 8:
Complete the following table as shown. Then select any word from the table and use it in a meaningful sentence.

true truly
– recently
– completely

Answer:

true truly
recent recently
complete completely

A5. Personal Response

Question 1:
How would you like to contribute to the environment safety programme arranged in your school? [A10 – III (1), pg. 129]
Answer:
I would like to contribute to the environment safety programme arranged in my school in the following way:
i. I would arrange for debates and speeches to bring awareness of the harmful effects of plastic on our environment. ‘
ii. I would take part in small skits on environment issues.
iii. I would make posters and charts with the help of my friends and put them up on notice boards and in the classrooms of my school. –

Question 2:
Why is it very difficult to ban plastic completely? Suggest solutions to overcome this problem. [A10 – III (2), pg. 129]
OR
Suggest any two solutions to overcome the danger of plastic. [Oct 14]
Answer:
It is very difficult to ban plastic completely because it is used on a large scale, but with proper steps, its use can be controlled over a period of time. For this, awareness campaigns should be held and safe alternatives like the use of cotton and paper -bags should be encouraged. Plastic bags for putting vegetables and fruits in malls can be replaced by nylon net bags. Nowadays, stores and malls are charging for plastic bags. This makes people carry their own bags and thus, reduces the use of plastic.

Question 3:
What can we do to avoid the adverse effect of plastic? [July 15]
Answer:
We can adopt the measures given below to avoid the adverse effects of plastic.
i. Find options for plastic products whenever possible.
ii. Opt to buy food in glass or metal containers.
iii. Avoid giving plastic toys to children.
iv. Avoid storing and heating food in plastic containers.
v. Avoid buying beverages that come in plastic bottles.

Passage 4

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A1. Factual Reading

Question 1:
Fill in the blanks with words from the passage.
i. Coastal ecosystems such as mangroves and _______ need to be conserved.
ii. In 2005, the Bombay High Court declared government-owned mangroves as .
iii. The state government has handed over ________ hectares of mangroves to the forest department.
iv. ______- and _______ must go hand in hand.
Answer:
i. wetlands
ii. protected forests
iii. 5,469
iv. Development, environment

Read the passage from line (19 to 52) On page (128) of your textbook and answer the following questions.

[Environmental concerns in ______________
________can go hand in hand.]

A2. Understanding the Passage

Question 1:
Complete the table

Coastal ecosystems Natural disasters

Answer:

Coastal ecosystems Natural disasters
mangroves hurricanes
wetlands tsunamis

A3. Meaning from the Text

Question 1:
Write from the passage words that mean.
i. tropical growth of plants found near water
ii. protection of plants, animals and natural things
iii. violent storm with very strong winds
iv. extreme large waves caused by earthquakes
Answer:
i. mangroves
ii. conservation
iii. hurricanes
iv. tsunamis

A4. Language Study
Do as directed.

Question 1:
Urbanization and development issues compound the problem. (Rewrite using ‘not only ….but also’)
Answer:
Not only urbanization but also development issues compound the problem.

Question 2:
Environmental groups and citizens have been fighting the battle in the state. (Rewrite in Simple Past Tense)
Answer:
Environmental groups and citizens fought the battle in the state.

Question 3:
Answer:
The state government has notified about 5,469 hectares of mangroves, hasn’t it?

Question 4:
The citizens ______ Maharashtra must all become stakeholders ________ this process _______ conservation. (Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions)
Answer:
The citizens of Maharashtra must all become stakeholders in this process of conservation.

Question 5:
Write from the passage opposites of the following words.
i. decrease
ii. artificial
iii. encouraging
iv. solutions
Answer:
i. increase
ii. natural
iii. discouraging
iv. problems

Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Solutions

Question 6:
Find out the describing word from the following sentence and use it in your own sentence.
Encouraging signs have emerged recently with the state forming a special mangrove cell.
Answer:
special – Special provisions were made by the company for all its employees.

A5. Personal Response

Question 1:
How important, do you think, is it to educate children about environment problems?
Answer:
In my opinion, it is very important to educate children about environment problems. It is said that thirty percent of the world’s population is under the age of eighteen. If children are made aware of the environmental problems, it will surely be a long-term success. They will develop a sense of responsibility right from their young age, so that when they become adults, they will make choices that will help the environment rather than harm it.

Striving For Better Environment – Part II – Maharashtra Board Class 10 Solutions for Science and Technology

Striving For Better Environment – Part II – Maharashtra Board Class 10 Solutions for Science and Technology (English Medium)

AlgebraGeometryScience & TechnologyHistoryGeography & EconomicsEnglish

Solution 1.1:

The use of natural resources which meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is called sustainable use.

Solution 1.2:

Objectives of sustainable development:
1. Reduce pollution by using eco-friendly technology
2. Restrain the use of natural resources to ensure availability for future generations
3. Protect the environment
4. Bring social equality in accessing resources
5. Ensure continuous economic growth

Solution 1.3:

Measures to conserve water:
1. Close the taps when not in use.
2. Fix leaking taps immediately to avoid the wastage of water.
3. Practise rainwater harvesting and recycling of used water.
4. Spread awareness among people about the importance of water.
5. Restrain the use of appliances which require more water.

Solution 1.4:

We can save energy in our day-to-day life by adopting the following measures:
1. Reduce our consumption of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas
2. Make efficient use of available energy
3. Eliminate the wastage of energy
4. Find new alternative sources of energy such as solar energy and wind energy
5. Spread awareness about the usage of energy

Solution 1.5:

Reasons for the depletion of biological resources such as plants, animals and microorganisms:
1. One of the major reasons for the depletion of biological resources is human activities such as cutting down of trees resulting in deforestation.
2. Urbanisation clears the forests, kills wildlife and reduces biological resources.
3. Industrialisation is another reason for the depletion of biological resources.
4. Even the land is cleared for agricultural purposes which results in loss of biological resources.
5. Population explosion can result in depletion of biological resources.

Solution 1.6:

The eco-labelling scheme constituted by the Government of India in 1991 for the easy identification of eco-friendly products aimed at the least impact on the ecosystem is called an eco-mark.

Solution 1.7:

The process in which once used old materials are again used to make new products is called recycling. It is a type of green technology.
Examples of recycling:
1. Used paper, glass, plastic etc. are used to make new articles.
2. Old used car tyres can be recycled to make the surface of a playground soft so that the safety of children playing on the ground increases.

Solution 1.8:

Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties and Enforcement by Legislations are the provisions on the environment given in our Constitution. One of the provisions of Directive Principles of State Policy is Article 48 A which was added to Part IV of the Constitution. It states, “The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wildlife for the country.”

Solution 1.9:

The fundamental duties of every citizen regarding the environment are given in Article 51A (f) and 51A (g) of the Constitution. The Article states that it is the responsibility of every citizen to protect and improve the environment.
i. Every Indian citizen should protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife.
ii. All should have compassion for living creatures.
iii. Every citizen should value and help in the preservation of the rich heritage of our composite culture.

Solution 1.10:

Functions of MPCB for prevention of water pollution:
1. MPCB plans comprehensive programmes for the prevention, control and abatement of pollution.
2. MPCB supports and encourages the development in the field of pollution control practices.

Solution 1.11:

The World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) is a global association of about 200 international companies. The work of WBCSD is as follows:
1. It deals exclusively with business and sustainable development.
2. It works on a variety of issues related to sustainable development.
3. The Council provides a platform for companies to explore sustainable development, share knowledge, experiences and best practices and to advocate business positions on these issues in a variety of forums, working with the governments, non-governmental and inter-governmental organisations.
4. It focuses on areas such as energy and climate, development, ecosystems and the role of business society.
5. It also looks after projects on cement, urban infrastructure, water, energy efficiency in buildings, forest Solutions and electricity utilities.

Solution 2.1:

Eco-efficiency is defined as the creation of goods and services using few resources and creating less waste.
Ways to achieve eco-efficiency:
10 Use of alternative raw material: Instead of wood, one can use rice straw or wheat straw. Wheat straw can be used in cement-bonded particle boards and rice straw can be used in insulation boards.
2. Shifting to renewable sources of energy: Instead of non-renewable energy resources, renewable sources such as solar power, wind power, tidal power, hydropower etc. of energy can be used. These are inexhaustible and non-polluting. Organic waste can be used for energy generation, e.g. biogas, ethanol etc.
3. Technology to reduce pollution: Some technologies are pollution-free. They are called eco-friendly technologies, e.g. solar cooker, windmills etc. Some non-polluting fuels such as CNG and unleaded petrol should be used.
4. Reusing and recycling waste: Recycling is the green technology which helps in conserving resources. Paper, glass and plastic can be recycled.
5. Durable goods: Durable goods can be used for a longer time as they reduce the consumption of resources for future use.

Solution 2.2:

Need to use eco-friendly technology:
i. Pollution and depletion of natural resources are the major problems of the present world.
ii. Eco-friendly technologies are pollution-free and cause minimum damage to the environment.
iii. In eco-friendly technology, resource utilisation is efficient with minimum wastage.
iv. In order to conserve the resources and safeguard the environment, we need to use eco-friendly technology.

Solution 2.3:

The Water Act defines water pollution and water quality standards. It prescribes penalties to the offenders.
Objectives of the Water Act:
1. To prevent and control water pollution.
2. To maintain or restore the wholesomeness of water.
3. To establish boards for the prevention and control of water pollution.

Solution 2.4:

The Government of India published Biomedical Waste Rules on 27 July 1998. The salient features of the Biomedical Waste Rules are as follows:
1. These rules deal with the generation, handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical waste.
2. These rules apply to all the persons who generate, handle, store, collect, receive, treat or dispose biomedical waste in any form.
3. It is the duty of the occupant to take all the steps to ensure that such waste is handled without any adverse effect to human health and the environment.

Solution 2.5:

1. Consumerism is the desire to purchase more goods and services which may or may not be of immediate requirement.
2. Consumerism develops due to globalisation and more power to purchase.
3. More consumption of resources and the generation of wastes due to consumerism affect sustainable development.
4. It results in inequality of resources which also affects sustainability.

Solution 2.6:

Reduce, reuse and recycle is the ‘three R mantra’. It is an effective approach to eliminate waste and conserve resources.
1. Reduce: Using fewer resources helps in reducing their consumption, e.g. use of less paper and less plastic carry bags.
2. Reuse: Using things again and again rather than throwing them after using them only once is called reuse, e.g. plastic jars can be reused for storing salt, food grains etc.
3. Recycle: The process in which substances which are used before are put back into process to make new items is called recycling, e.g. used and discarded plastic, glass, paper and metal are sent to the respective industries where they can be converted into other useful products such as lampshades, handbags etc.
Significance of the ‘three R mantra’:
All three processes cut down the amount of energy used for producing new items. It also reduces the pollution during the process. Thus, natural resources are conserved.

Solution 2.7:

Powers of MPCB to control water and air pollution:
1. Implementation of environmental laws and pollution control laws.
2. Laying down standards of effluents and securing their compliances.
3. Inspecting and monitoring of all sources of pollution.
4. Issuance of notices to the polluting industries with time limit to comply with the legal requirements.
5. Closure of the defaulter units or industries if they are creating grave problems.
6. Prosecution of the polluters in cases of serious violation.

Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science Solutions

Solution 2.8:

1. The use of a kullad in railways for providing tea and coffee is a way of sustainable use of resources.
2. A kullad is made of clay which can be recycled whenever the kullad is discarded.
3. Recycling of styrofoam glass is unlikely as it is made up of a non-degradable material and creates solid waste pollution.
4. Therefore, using a kullad is a way of sustainable use of resources.

Solution 2.9:

1. Alternative fuels can be obtained through a lot of research.
2. Fossil fuels are non-renewable and are depleting rapidly. So, a lot of research is being conducted to find non-polluting renewable sources of energy.
3. Alternative fuels are obtained through organic waste from farms.
4. Ethanol is obtained from the fermentation of wheat, maize and sugarcane. It is mixed with petrol or diesel. It can act as an alternative source of energy.
5. Bagasse is the biomass left behind after extracting juice from sugarcane. It is used as a fuel for boilers and in the manufacture of paper.
6. Biogas is obtained by the fermentation of organic waste and animal dung in biogas plants.
7. Non-polluting and inexhaustible sources of energy such as solar power, wind power, tidal power and hydropower can act as alternative sources of energy.

A Letter to God Summary Class 10 English First Flight Prose Chapter 1

Summary of A Letter To God Class 10 English First Flight Prose Chapter 1

A Letter to God Summary: Lencho was a poor but hardworking farmer. His house was on the top of a hill and that was the only house in the valley. He hoped for a good crop, but his fields needed rain or at least a shower. He waited for the rain and it did come. One day it started drizzling. In the beginning, Lencho felt the falling raindrops as ‘new silver coins’ falling from the sky. But gradually the rain changed into a hail storm. The hailstones fell for an hour. It destroyed his crop completely. Lencho’s soul was filled with sadness. He thought that they would go hungry the whole year unless they found someone who could help them. Suddenly his heart was filled with hope. He had firm faith in God. Lencho knev/how to read and write. The following Sunday, he wrote a letter to God mentioning his destroyed crop and asked him to sow his field again. Then he put the letter in an envelope; addressed it to ‘God’ and went to the post office. He affixed a stamp on it and dropped it in the mail-box.

The postman, who took the letter out of the mail-box saw the letter and showed it to the postmaster. Everyone in the post office had a hearty laugh. But immediately the postmaster realised the man’s unshakable faith in God. He decided to help the man. He discussed with his colleagues and all of them decided to part with some money for an act of charity. They collected money, put it in an envelope and addressed it to Lencho. This letter contained a single word in the form of a signature : God.

The next Sunday Lencho went to the post office. The postmaster handed him the letter. Lencho was not at all surprised on receiving a letter from God. He had full faith that God would reply back in the form of money and he did receive it. He opened the envelope but became angry with counting it. There were only seventy pesos in the envelope, whereas he had asked for one hundred. He knew God could not have made a mistake. Immediately, he wrote another letter to God, put it in the mail-box and went out. The postmaster took out the letter from the mail-box and opened it. Lencho had requested God to send the rest of the money i.e., thirty pesos as he had received only seventy pesos. Lencho had a feeling that the people at the post office had cheated him by taking out some money from God’s envelope. So, he wrote that God should not send money through the mail as according to him, the post office employees were a bunch of crooks