NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us

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Markets Around Us NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 8

Class 7 Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us InText Questions and Answers

Text Book Page No. 96

Question 1.
Why do people go to weekly markets? Give three reasons.
Answer:
People go to weekly markets because of the following reasons :

1. Most of the things they need are available at one place.
2. There is competition among sellers because of a large number of shops selling the same goods. It provides an opportunity to buyers to bargain.
3. Many things in weekly markets are available at cheaper rates.

Question 2.
Who are the sellers in a weekly market? Why don’t we find big business persons in these markets?
Answer:

1. Small traders are the sellers in a weekly market.
2. Big business persons are not found in a weekly market because of their large shops permanently fixed at a place. It is not convenient to shift the shop from place to place daily.

Question 3.
Why are things cheap in the weekly market?
Answer:
Things are cheap in the weekly market because of the following reasons :

1. The shop owners don’t have to pay rent, electricity charges, and fees to the Government.
2. They don’t hire workers and are helped by their family members.
3. There are competition and bargaining because of a large number of shops selling the same goods. These bring the price down.

Question 4.
Explain with an example how people bargain in the market. Can you think of a situation where the bargain would be unfair?
Answer:
(1) People-bargain in the market by saying the lower price of a product than what the seller charges. For example, Manu goes to ‘Subji Mandi’ in the evening. He asks the rate of potato to a vendor. The vendor says ten rupees per kg! Manu asks the vendor for six rupees per kg. But, the vendor agrees on eight rupees. Manu buys five kgs. of potatoes at the rate of eight rupees per kg.

(2) Yes. At the fixed-rate shop, bargaining will be unfair. But at the shops other than the fixed-rate, we can bargain to bring the price down.

Text Book Page No. 97

Question 1.
Why did Sujata carry a notebook? Do you think this system is useful? Can there be problems?
Answer:

1. Sujata carried a notebook to get the number of things she bought noted in it. Because she took the things on credit.
2. Yes. To buy things on credit is good both for seller and buyer if they don’t lose faith in each other.
3. There can be a problem if the seller charges more price than the general cost and the buyer doesn’t pay the credit on time.

Question 2.
What are the different kinds of shops that you find in your neighbourhood? What do you purchase from them?
Answer:
(1) The different kinds of shops found in my neighbourhood are dairy, general stores, stationeries, clothes, eatables, medicines and roadside stalls of a vegetable hawker, the fruit vendors, the mechanic, etc.

(2) We purchase milk, groceries, stationery items, eatables, medicines, vegetables, fruits, etc. from those shops.

Question 3.
Why are goods sold in permanent shops costlier than those sold in the weekly markets or by roadside hawkers?
Answer:
The goods sold in permanent shops are costlier than those sold in the weekly markets or by roadside hawkers because the shops in permanent building incur the following extra expenditure :

1. The permanent shop owners have to pay rent, electricity, fees to the Government.
2. They also have to pay wages to their workers while in weekly markets, most of the shop owners are helped by their family members and they need not hire workers.
3. There are less competition and bargaining among the permanent shops.

Text Book Page No. 98

Question 1.
Why do you think the guard wanted to stop Kavita and Sujata from entering the shop? What would you say if someone stops you from entering a shop in a market?
Answer:

1. They seemed to be general. They were neither wearing high-quality dresses nor looked like from a rich family.
2. I would ask that the shop is for general customers or for a particular group if someone stops me from entering a shop in a market.

Text Book Page No. 99

Question 1.
Why do people not bargain in shops located in malls whereas they bargain in weekly markets?
Answer:
People don’t bargain in shops located in malls whereas they bargain in weekly markets because of the following reasons :

1. The shops located in malls are generally fixed-price shops.
2. The goods available in shops located in malls are generally branded and are sold on a fixed profit margin.
3. The buyers, who go to shops and showrooms located in malls, are high profile, rich people.
4. They don’t like to bargain. They always prefer to buy quality choices and don’t care about the price.

Question 2.
How do you think your neighbourhood shop gets its goods? Find out and explain with some examples.
Answer:
My neighbourhood shop gets its goods from wholesale traders. For example, wholesale traders of clothes, vegetables, etc. first buy these goods in large quantities. These goods then are sold to other traders, generally called distributors. These are the distributors who sell the goods to retailers, i.e., neighbourhood shop owners.

Question 3.
Why is a wholesale trader necessary?
Answer:
A wholesale trader is necessary because we, the consumer and retailer cannot buy goods from the producers i.e., factories and farms located at distant places. Nor would the producers be interested in selling the retailers small quantities of goods. So, the wholesale traders act as a connecting link between the producers and the retailers.

Class 7 Civics Chapter 8 Markets Around Us Exercise Questions and Answers

Question 1.
In what ways is a hawker different from a shop owner?
Answer:
(1) Hawker sells different goods, generally vegetables in the streets. He doesn’t have a permanent place to sell goods from. He brings goods on his ‘Thela’ in the morning, sells them in the streets, and returns back to his house.

(2) But, a shop owner has a permanent place, generally a big room as shop either in the neighbourhood or in the market. He either owns the shop or pays rent along with electricity charges, government fees, etc. The shop owner keeps different goods in large quantities for sale. He does not carry goods from home to shop and vice-versa daily as hawker does.

Question 2.
Compare and contrast a weekly market and a shopping complex on the following :
Answer:

Market	Weekly market, Shopping complex
Kinds of goods sold	Groceries, cloth items, vegetables, utensils, etc. branded cloths and readymade clothes, ice­cream, burger, Pizza
Prices of goods	Cheaper, expensive
Sellers	Small traders, big and rich traders
Buyers	Villagers, the people living nearby, rich people

Question 3.
Explain how a chain of markets is formed? What purpose does it serve?
Answer:
The chain of markets has visible and invisible links.

1. Wholesalers buy the products in bulk directly from the producers.
2. Every city has areas with wholesale markets from where the goods are supplied to other traders.
3. Retailers buy goods in smaller quantities from the wholesalers and take them to different parts of the city.
4. The roadside hawkers further purchase these goods either from a wholesaler or a retailer to sell them in particular localities.
5. Wholesale traders bought large quantities of goods from factories or producers and store them in godowns.
6. In this way, a chain of markets is set up through which the goods finally travel to reach us.
7. Certain services are also sold like this e.g., representatives of various companies go to the retailers or sometimes directly to the consumer to sell their products.

Chain of Markets serves the following purposes

1. Factories and wholesalers need not find consumers of their goods.
2. Several people get benefited.
3. Consumers get goods of their needs in small quantities.
4. They get goods from their nearby places, they do not need to walk long distances.
5. Factories and wholesalers do not sell goods in small quantities.
6. It saves time and energy for the factory owners and the wholesalers.

Question 4.
‘All persons have equal rights to visit any shop in a marketplace’. Do you think this is true of shops with expensive products? Explain with examples.
Answer:
(1) Yes. All persons have equal rights to visit any shop in a marketplace. Either it is a shop with expensive products in a shopping complex or cheapest items in weekly markets, any person (i.e., consumer) can visit any shop and can see products and buy if the price suits his/her pocket.

(2) For example, Kavita and Sujata went to Ansal Mall. They entered a shop and looked at some branded ready-made dresses. None of them had their prices less than Rs. 2,000. It was almost five times the weekly market price. They didn’t buy and went to another shop.

Question 5.
Buying and selling can take place without going to a marketplace. Explain this statement with the help of examples.
Answer:
This is the age of the Internet. It has changed the mode of everything. We can now make online purchases with the help of credit cards. We can place orders through the Internet and the goods are delivered to our place.

In clinics and nursing homes, we usually notice medical representatives waiting for doctors. These medical representatives are also engaged in selling goods. Thus, buying and selling take place in different ways, without going to the market.