CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 3 are part of CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science. Here we have given CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 3.
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Political Science Paper 3
Board | CBSE |
Class | XII |
Subject | Political Science |
Sample Paper Set | Paper 3 |
Category | CBSE Sample Papers |
Students who are going to appear for CBSE Class 12 Examinations are advised to practice the CBSE sample papers given here which is designed as per the latest Syllabus and marking scheme as prescribed by the CBSE is given here. Paper 3 of Solved CBSE Sample Paper for Class 12 Political Science is given below with free PDF download solutions.
Time Allowed: 3 hours
Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions
- All questions are compulsory.
- Questions nos. 1 to 5 are of 1 mark each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 20 words
- Questions nos. 6 to 10 are of 2 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 40 words
- Questions nos. 11 to 16 are of 4 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 100 words
- Questions nos. 17 to 21 are of 5 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 150 words
- Questions no. 21 is map based question.
- Questions nos. 22 to 27 are of 6 marks each. The answer to these questions should not exceed 150 words.
Question 1.
What do you understand by Least Developed Countries?
Question 2.
Mention any two characteristics of Soviet political system.
Question 3.
What was Operation Iraqi Freedom?
Question 4.
What was the basis of the report of States Reorganisation Commission?
Question 5.
Differentiate between one party dominance and one party system.
Question 6.
What is Plan Holiday?
Question 7.
Highlight the contribution made by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru to the foreign policy of India.
Question 8.
What are the components of the ASEAN Vision 2020?
Question 9.
Mention changes that occurred in Maldives.
Question 10.
List any four principal organs of the United Nations.
Question 11.
Differentiate between traditional and non-traditional notion of security.
Question 12.
What are Global Commons? Why is it said that international cooperation over the global commons is not cosy?
Question 13.
Explain any two positive and two negative effects of globalisation.
Question 14.
Why is emergency and period around it known as the period of constitutional crisis? How far do you agree that the government has misused its emergency powers during 1975-77. Explain.
Question 15.
India’s neighbours often think that the Indian government tries to dominate and interfere in the d’omestic affairs of the smaller countries of the region. Is this a correct impression?
Question 16.
Though the UN has failed in preventing wars and related miseries, nations prefer its continuation. What makes the UN an indispensable organisation?
Question 17.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the following questions.
When India conducted its first nuclear test, it was termed as peaceful explosion. India argued that it was committed to the policy of using nuclear power only for peaceful purposes. The period when the nuclear test was conducted was a difficult period in domestic politics. Following the Arab-Israel War of 1973, the entire world was affected by the Oil Shock due to the massive hike in the oil prices by the Arab nations. It led to economic turmoil in India resulting in high inflation.
(i) When did India conduct its first nuclear test and why?
(ii) Why during the period, when the nuclear test was conducted in India, considered to be a difficult period in domestic politics?
(iii) Which international event of 1970s was responsible for high inflation in India? 5
Question 18.
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions the follow:
The Soviet system, however, became very bureaucratic and authoritarian, making life very difficult for its citizens. Lack of democracy and the absence of freedom of speech stifled people who often expressed their dissent in jokes and cartoons. Most of the institutions of the Soviet state needed reform: the one-party system represented by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union had tight control over all institutions and was unaccountable to the people. The party refused to recognise the urge of people in the fifteen different republics that formed the Soviet Union to manage their own affairs including their cultural affairs. Although, on paper, Russia was only one of the fifteen republics that together constituted the USSR, in reality Russia dominated everything, and people from other regions felt neglected and often suppressed.
-Vladimir Lenin
(i) Which mistake is described in the passage given above?
(ii) Which two things stifled people who expressed their dissent in cartoons?
(iii) Name those means by which the people of Soviet Union often used to express their dissent.
(iv) Which mistake was committed by the communist party? What was its consequences?
Question 19.
Read the cartoon below and write a short note in favour or against the connection between war and terrorism depicted in this cartoon.
Question 20.
Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Sardar Sarovar Project is a multipurpose mega-scale dam. Its advocates say that it would benefit huge areas of Gujarat and the three adjoining states in terms of availability of drinking water and water for irrigation, generation of electricity and increase in agricultural production. Many more subsidiary benefits like effective flood and drought control in the region were linked to the success of this dam. In the process of construction of the dam 245 villages from these States were expected to get submerged. It required relocation of around two and a half lakh people from these villages. Issues of relocation and proper rehabilitation of the project- affected people were first raised by local activist groups. It was around 1988-89 that the issues crystallised under the banner of the NBA – a loose collective of local voluntary organisations.
(i) Why is Sardar Sarovar Project mentioned as multipurpose mega-scale dam?
(ii) Why was it opposed by villagers?
(iii) Name the organisation which led the movement against this project.
(iv) What was the main demand of Local Activist Groups?
Question 21.
On a political outline map of the world, locate and label the following and symbolise them as indicated:
(i) Five permanent members of UN Security Council and symbolise them as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
(ii) Locate and label peace keeping operations.
Question 22.
Explaip the concept of‘common property resource’ with the help of an example from India. What was the major thrust of the First Five Year Plan? In which ways did the Second Plan differ from the first one?
Question 23.
Examine any six reason for the imposition of Emergency in India in 1975.
OR
Describe the outcome of Anandpur Sahib Resolution of 1973.
Question 24.
Describe the secessionist movement of Mizos. How as per the provisions of the Constitution, was it resolved on accommodation of diversities?
OR
In the midst of revere competition and many conflicts in 1989, a consensus appeared to have emerged among most parties. Explain any four points.
Question 25.
Explain the main arguments in the debate that ensued between industrialisation and agricultural development at the time of Second Five Year Plan.
OR
NAM was considered a ‘third option’ by third world countries! How did this option benefit their growth during the peak of the Cold War?
Question 26.
As a citizen of India how would you support India’s candidature for the permanent membership of Security Council? Justify your proposal.
OR
Discuss the role of Jayaprakash Narayan in Bihar movement and national politics. (HOTs)
Question 27.
In spite of strongly propagating for nuclear disarmament since Independence, India herself become nuclear in 1998. Analyse the reasons behind this development and also highlight important features of India’s nuclear policy.
OR
Discuss UN’S defination about indigenous people and their rights.
Answers
Answer 1.
Majority of NAM members were categorised as Least Developed Countries (LDCs) to be more developed economically and to lift their people out of poverty.
Answer 2.
- The Soviet political system central around the Communist Party and no other political party or opposition was allowed.
- The economy was planned and controlled by the state only.
Answer 3.
On 19 IVfarch 2003, the US launched its invasion of Iraqi under the code name ‘Operation Iraqi Freedom’. More than 40 other countries joined in the US coalition of the willing after the UN refused to give its mandate to the invasion.
Answer 4.
States Reorganisation Commission Report was based on the distribution of boundaries of states on language basis to reflect linguistic aspects.
Answer 5.
One-party dominance refers to representation on behalf of popular consensus alongwith free and fair elections i.e. the Congress in India whereas one-party system refers representation based on malpractice, fraud, etc. to ensure winning of a particular party.
Answer 6.
- Plan Holiday is a gap between two Five Years Plan, i.e. 1979-1980 and 1990-92.
- It was a stop gap arrangements by the provisions of annual plans.
- Plan holidays took place due to change in government to be lockedin development goals and priorities etc.
- Those Five Year Plans were supposed to be reviewed and changed by the succeeding government.
Answer 7.
- India’s initiatives for non-alignment for maintenance of mutual understanding and security.
- India always maintained her dignity and image of peace loving country by taking initiatives to bring about equality and understanding among nations i.e. to end Korean war in 1953, French rule in China, etc.
Answer 8.
The components of ASEAN Vision 2020 can be summed up as follows:
- An outward looking role in international community.
- To encourage negotiations over conflicts in the region.
- To mediate to end the conflicts i.e. Cambodian conflict, East Timor Crisis, annual discussion on East Asian Cooperation through meetings.
Answer 9.
- Transformed into a republic with a presidential form of government in 1968.
- In June 2005, the Parliament voted unanimously to introduce multi-party system.
- Democracy strengthened after 2005 elections.
Answer 10.
- The General Assembly
- The Security Council
- International Court of Justice
- Economic and Social Council or Secretariat Creation and sustenance of alliances belong to traditional notion of security.
Answer 11.
Traditional | Non-traditional |
1. It is concerned with the use of military, war, the balance of power and alliance building. | 1. It goes beyond military by threatening conditions necessary for human survival. |
2. It is concerned with the state and its governing institutions. | 2. It covers a broad aspect of security i.e. hunger diseases, etc. |
3. It is confined to state only by thinking of internal and external threats. | 3. It covers not only the state but also all individuals or human kind. |
4. Its main focus is on force only to achieve the target. | 4. It comprises cooperation, hence it protects human or global security. |
Answer 12.
Global Commons are these resources which are not owned by anyone country but rather owned by international community i.e. earth’s atmosphere, Antarctica, the ocean floor and the outer space. It is difficult to achieve consensus on common environmental agenda on the basis of vague scientific evidence and time frames. There have been many important agreement such as Antarctic Treaty (1959), the Montreal Protocol (1987) and the Antartic Environmental Protocol (1991). History of outer space as a global common shows that the management of these areas is influenced by North-South inequalities. The benefits of exploitative activities in outer space are from being equal either for the present or the future.
Answer 13.
1. Positive effects (Any two) :
- Increase in the volume of trade in goods and services.
- It attracts private foreign capital investment.
- It creates new job opportunities.
- It raises standard of living.
- It increases production efficiency and healthy competition.
- It attracts Foreign Direct Investment also.
2. Negative effects :
- It has widened income disparities by making the rich richer and the poor more poorer.
- Gradually, globalisation is also a reason for depletion of flora and fauna in country.
Answer 14.
- The Parliament brought in many new changes in constitution which made an
amendment declaring that elections of Prime Minister, President and Vice President could not be challenged in the court. - The 42nd Amendment was also passed to bring a series of changes in the Constitution like duration of legislatures, elections can be postponed by one year during Emergency.
No, the government hence misused its ‘Emergency Powers’. But it said that it wanted to use the emergency:
- To bring law and order into society.
- To restore efficiency into administration and system.
- To implement the pro-poor welfare programmes. .
Answer 15.
No, the impression is not correct because India makes efforts to manage its neighbours beyond its size and powers which can be justified on following grounds-
- India often feels exploited by its neighbours.
- On the other hand, India’s neighbours fear that India wants to dominate them regionally but India is centrally located who shares borders with other countries geographically, which should be accepted on mutual understanding.
- India avoids political instability in its neighbouring states so that outsiders shold not take advantage of influence in the region.
Answer 16.
- Interdependence and globalisation is not possible without the international organisations such as the UN.
- To enforce cooperation on the issues of poverty, unemployment, environmental degradation, crime rate etc.
- To provide financial assistance to developing countries to stabilise economy all over the world, the UN and its specialised agencies are always required.
- The UN works as a forum to solve any international dispute among nations and sort out the best possible way.
- Hence, though the UN has failed in preventing related wars and miseries, despite the nations require its continuation due to above mentioned reasons to promote international peace and understanding.
Answer 17.
- India conducted its first nuclear test on 18 May 1974 for peaceful purposes only.
- Following the Arab-Israel war of 1973, there was a massive hike in the oil prices by the Arab nations. There was economic turmoil in India. Many agitations were going on in the country. There was a railway strike at national level.
- The Arab-Israel war (1973) was a major international event of 1970s. It created the oil shock throughout the entire world. It was responsible for inflation in India.
Answer 18.
- The passage describes the mistake committed by the Soviet Union. The Soviet System had become very bureaucratic and made life very difficult for its citizens.
- Lack of democracy and the absence of freedom and speech stifled people who often expressed their dissent in jokes and cartoons.
- The Communist Party had neglected the people and their feelings. It had tight control over all institutions and was not responsible to the people. It refused to recognise the urge of people to manage their own affairs including their cultural affairs. Consequently people had a very difficult life without freedom of speech and democracy. They felt stifled and expressed their dissent in jokes and cartoons.
Answer 19.
Terrorism is non-traditional threat to security as it is goal oriented political weapon. It is a war against democracy and a crime against humanity:
- Terrorism refers to political violence to target civilians deliberately and indiscriminately.
- Civilians are targeted to be terrorised to use it as a weapon into this war.
- Even, the US superpower could not escape itself from terrorism and it became a global phenomenon i.e. terrorist attack on World Trade Tower on 11 September 2001.
Answer 20.
- Because it fulfilled the various purposes together as to benefit huge areas of Gujarat and three adjoining states:
- Availability of drinking water
- Water for irrigation
- Generation of electricity
- Effective floods and drought control in the region.
- Because in the process of construction of dam about 245 villages from these states were expected to be submerged alongwith the population of two and a half lakh people.
- Local activist group under the banner of Narmada Bachao Andolan.
- To relocate and proper rehabilitation of project affected people.
Answer 21.
-
- France
- Russia
- The UK
- The US
- China
-
- Cyprus 1964
- Lebanon 1978
- Israel 1974
- Sudan 2005
- East Timor 2006
Answer 22.
The concept of‘common property resource’ signifies that natural resources that are common property for the group. The underlying norm is that members of the groups have both rights and duties with respect to the nature, levels of use and the maintenance of a given resource.
Through mutual understanding and centuries of practice, many village communities in India, e.g. have defined members’ right and responsibilities. A combination of factors including privatisation, agricultural intensification, population growth and ecosystem degradation have caused common property to dwindle in size, quality and availability to the poor in much of the world.
OR
The First Five Year Plan was commenced in 1951 to be drafted by young economist K.N. Roy with the emphasis on poverty alleviation. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India presented this to the Parliament of India. Its main thrusts were as follows:
- To invest in dams and irrigation to improve agricultural sector with the urgent attention.
- Huge allocations were made for large scale projects like Bhakra-Nangal dam.
- It focused on land reforms for the development in rural areas.
- It aimed to increase level of national income.
The First Five Year’plan differed from the Second Five Year plan:
- The Second Five Year Plan stressed on heavy industrialisation.
- It wanted to bring quick structural transformation in all possible directions in place of slow and steady growth like First Five Year Plan.
Answer 23.
- Emergency was proclaimed in response to petition filed by Raj Narayan to declare Indira Gandhi’s election invalid.
- On 25 June 1975, the government declared the threat of internal disturbances to invoke Article 352 of the Constitution.
- Article 352 can declare Emergency on ground of either internal or external disturbances.
- The government decided a grave crisis to be arisen to proclaim emergency to bring law and order, restore efficiency and implement pro-poor welfare programmes.
- The President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad proclaimed Emergency which became the most controversial episode in Indian politics.
- Power politics became personalised and governmental authority was converted into personalisation.
OR
Anandpur Sahib Resolution was passed at the conference of Akali Dal at Anandpur Sahib in 1973:
- To ascertain regional autonomy and to redefine centre-state relations.
- Sikhs aspirations aimed at ‘bolbala’ of Sikhs.
- It could also be interpreted as a plea for separate sikh nation despite federal spirit.
But, it became controversial due to following reasons:
- Due to lack of popularity of Akali Dal resolution had a United appeal.
- Akali government was dismissed in 1980 and it lost its importance.
- Akali Dal launched a movement on the distribution of water between Punjab, and its neighbouring states.
- Movement went into the hands of extremist elements from moderate Akalis and converted into armed insurgency for which Anandpur Sahib Resolution considered responsible.
Answer 24.
- After Independence, the Mizo hills was made an autonomous district within Assam.
- Some Mizos believed that they were never a part of British India and not to belong to Indian Union.
- The movement of seccession gained popular support after Assam government failed to respond adequately to great famine of 1959 in Mizo hills.
- It led to formation of Mizo National Front (MNF) under leadership of Laldenga.
- In 1966, the MNF started an armed campaign for independence.
- The MNF fought gurilla war, got support from Pakistan government and secured shelter in then East Pakistan.
- At the end of two decades of insurgency, Mizoram under leadership of Laldenga started negotiations with Indian government.
- In 1986, a peace agreement was signed between Rajiv Gandhi and Laldenga which granted statehood to Mizoram with special powers and MNF agreed to give up seccessionist struggle.
- Today, Mizoram is one of the most peaceful places in the region alongwith big strides in literacy and development.
OR
In the midst of severe competition and conflicts, a consensus appears to have emerged among most parties consisting of following four elements:
- Most political parties were in support of new economic policies to lead the country to prosperity and & status of economic power in the world.
- All political parties supported reservation of seats for backward classes in education and employment and even to ensure the OBCs to get adequate share of power.
- Role of state level parties was accepted in the governance of country.
- Coalition politics has shifted the focus of political parties from ideological differences to power sharing arrangements.
Hence, most of the NDA did not agree with the Hindutva ideology of BJP. Still they come together to form a government and remained in power for full term.
Answer 25.
At the time of the Second Five Year Plan, some controversial issues rose in reference of relevancy of agriculture over industry.
- The Second Five Year Plan emphasised on industry in place of agriculture or rural India.
- J.C. Kumarappa, a Gandhian economist proposed an alternative blueprint to emphasise on rural industrialisation.
- Bharatiya Lok Dal leader, Chaudhary Charan Singh also commented that the planning leading to creation of prosperity in urban and industrial sections at the cost of rural welfare.
Others debated that without an increase in industrial sector poverty could not be alleviated:
- India planning did not have an agrarian strategy to boost the production of food grains.
- It also proposed programmes of community development and spent large sums on irrigation project and failure was not that of policy but of its non-implementation because of the politics of land owning classes.
- Besides, they also argued that every if the government had spent more money on agriculture it would not have solved the massive problem of rural poverty.
OR
Non-alignment offered newly decolonised countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America, a third option-not to join either alliance. A majority of NAM members was categorised as the Least Development Countries (LDCs), to be developed more economically not to remain dependent on richer countries.
A New International Economic Order (NIEO) originated with this realisation. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) brought out a report in 1972 entitled towards a New Trade Policy for Development which proposed a reform of global trading system:
- LDCs got control over their own natural resources which were being exploited by developed western countries.
- To make western market available for LDCs. It made trading more beneficial.
- To reduce cost of technology from western countries.
- To provide LDCs with a greater role in international economic institutions.
Answer 26.
As a citizen of India, we may support India’s candidature for the permanent membership of Security Council in the following manner:
- India is the most populous country in the world with one-fifth of world population.
- India is world’s largest democracy.
- India’s economic emergence on the World Stage.
- India is a regular financial contributor to the UN.
- India signifies a growing importance in world affairs in conduct of its foreign policy.
- India participated in all the initiatives of the UN.
OR
- Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan from Janata Party was a Marxist youth, who became a Gandhian and involved himself in a Bhoodan movement.
- He led Bihar movement and opposed the emergency.
- Bihar students invited him and he accepted on the condition of movement to be non¬violent and not to limit only to Bihar territory. Hence, Bihar movement assumed a political character and national appeal.
- This movement demanded dismissal of the Congress government in Bihar and called for total revolution in social, economic and political aspects to establish a total democracy,
- Bandhs, gheraos, strikes were organised in protest. Even employees of railways organised a strike which threatened to paralyse the country.
- In 1975, Janata Party led people’s march to the Parliament to be one of the largest political rallies ever held in capital.
- Janata Party was supported by non-Congress parties like BJS, socialist parties, etc., which projected Jai Prakash Narayan as an alternative to Indira Gandhi.
Answer 27.
- India shares hostile relations with China and Pakistan, its two immediate neighbours. China was already known as a nuclear state and had a war with India in 1962. Both the countries do not share very cordial relations with each other.
- Also China supported Pakistan to become nuclear state. So there was a threat to India’s national security. In order to preserve its national security, it was essential for India to become a nuclear state.
Important features of India’s nuclear policy :
- India believes in both horizontal and vertical nuclear disarmament.
- India has committed that it will never initiate a nuclear war against any country and use nuclear weapons only for defensive purpose.
- It will use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and would possess only minimum nuclear deterrence.
- India strongly opposses NPT and CTBT treaties as they were seen unjust and discriminatory.
- It reiterates India’s commitment to global, verifiable and non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament leading to a nuclear weapon free world.
OR
The UN defines indigenous populations as comprising the descendants of peoples who inhabited the present territory of a country at the time when persons of a different culture or ethnic origin arrived there from other parts of the world and overcame them.
Today indigenous people live better with their particular social, economic and cultural customs and traditions than the institutions of the country of which they now form a part. Rights of Indigenous People are
- Indigenous people (tribal) occupy areas in Central and South America, Africa, India and South-East Asia and present day island states in Oceania region (including Australia and New Zealand). They appeal to governments to come to terms with continuing existence of indigenous nations as enduring communities with an identity of their own.
- Indigenous people speak of their struggles, their agenda and their rights.
- Their voice in world politics demand for the admission of indigenous people to the world community as equals.
- The indigenous societies irrespective of their geographical location are strikingly similar with respect to land and the variety of life system supported by it. The loss
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