NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste.
| Board | CBSE |
| Textbook | NCERT |
| Class | Class 10 |
| Subject | Social Science Civics |
| Chapter | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter Name | Gender Religion and Caste |
| Number of Questions Solved | 12 |
| Category | NCERT Solutions |
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste
From the exam point of view, the students should be able to :
- Trace the sexual division of labour and women discrimination in India
- Understand the relation between religion and politics
- Examine how caste influences politics
- Assess how differences based on gender, religion and caste are expressed in politics
- Understand and analyse the challenges posed by communalism to Indian democracy
- Analyse whether these differences are healthy or have an adverse effect on democracy
NCERT Questions
Question 1.
Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India. [2010] [2012]
Answer:
(a) At home, women are supposed to do all the household work such as cooking, cleaning, washing clothes, tailoring, looking after children, etc. It is not that men cannot do housework, they simply think that it is for women to attend to these things. Men are ready to take up household jobs only if they get paid.
(b) In addition to domestic labour, women also work outside their homes. In villages, women fetch water, collect fuel and work in the fields. In urban areas, poor women work as domestic helper in middle class homes, while middle class women work in offices. But their work is not valued and does not get recognition.
(c) Girls have far less opportunities of schooling than boys do. This is because parents prefer to spend their resources for their boys’ education.
(d) In terms of employment, as well as promotion in work and occupation, women often face greater handicap than men. In almost all areas of work, from sports and cinema to factories and fields, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work.
(e) In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. Such sex- selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio.
(f) The proportion of women in Indian legislature has been very low. The percentage of elected women members in Lok Sabha is not even 10 per cent of its total strength. Their share in the state assemblies is less than 5 per cent. A bill with the proposal of reserving at least one-third of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women has been pending before the Parliament for more than a decade. But there is no consensus over this among all the political parties. (Select any four)
Question 2.
State different forms of communal politics with one example each. [2011] [2012] [2013]
Answer:
(a) Communalism in everyday beliefs: The most common expression of communalism is in everyday beliefs. These routinely involve religious prejudices, stereotypes of religious communities and belief in the superiority of one’s religion over other religions.
This is so common that we often fail to notice it, even when we believe in it.
(b) Formation of political parties on the basis of communities: A communal mind often leads to a quest for political dominance of one’s own religious community. For those belonging to majority community, it takes the form of majoritarian dominance. For those belonging to the minority community, it can take the form of a desire to form a separate political unit.
For example, in Sri Lanka, majoritarianism has been followed which has resulted in conflict.
(c) Political mobilisation on religious lines: This involves the use of sacred symbols, religious leaders, emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena. In electoral politics this often involves special appeal to the interests or emotions of voters of one religion in preference to others.
For example, using its cards of Hindutva by BJP.
(d) Communal violence: Sometimes communalism takes the form of communal violence, riots and massacre. For example, India suffered some of the worst communal riots at the time of the partition. {Select any two)
Question 3.
State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India.
Answer:
Even now most people marry within their own castes or tribes. Untouchability has not ended completely, despite constitutional prohibition. Effects of centuries of advantages and disadvantages continue to be felt today.
Question 4.
State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India.
Answer:
(a) While choosing candidates in elections, political parties keep in mind the caste composition of the electorate. They nominate candidates from different castes to gather necessary support to win elections. When governments are formed, political parties take care that representatives of different castes and tribes find a place in it.
(b) Political parties and candidates in elections make appeal to caste sentiment to muster support. Some political parties are known to favour some castes and are seen as their representatives.
Question 5.
What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies?
Answer:
In India, the proportion of women in legislative bodies is very low. The percentage of elected women members in Lok Sabha is not even 10 per cent of its total strength. Their share in the state assemblies is less than 5 per cent.
Question 6.
Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular stale.
Answer:
(a) The Indian Constitution prohibits discrimi-nation on grounds of religion.
(b) It provides to all individuals and communities freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, or not to follow any.
Question 7.
When we speak of gender divisions, we usually refer to ________ [2011]
(a) biological difference between men and women.
(b) unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women.
(c) unequal child sex ratio.
(d) absence of voting rights for women in democracies.
Answer:
(b)
Question 8.
In India seats are reserved for women in ________ [2011]
(a) I.ok Sabha
(b) State legislative assemblies
(c) Cabinets
(d) Panchayati Raj bodies.
Answer:
(d)
Question 9.
Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics. Communal politics is based on the belief that:
A. one religion is superior to that of others.
B. people belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens.
C. followers of a particular religion constitute one community.
D. state power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
(a) A, B, C and D
(b) A, B and D
(c) A and C
(d) B and D
Answer:
(c)
Question 10.
Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong? It
(a) prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion.
(b) gives official status to one religion.
(c) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion.
(d) ensures equality of citizens within religious communities.
Answer:
(b)
Question 11.
Social divisions based on are peculiar to India.
Answer:
caste
Question 12.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists :
List I
- A person who believes in equal rights and opportunities for women and men
- A person who says that religion is the principal basis of community
- A person who thinks that caste is the principal basis of community
- A person who does not discriminate others on the basis of religious beliefs
List II
A. Communalist
B. Feminist
C. Secularist
D. Castiest
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| (a) | B | C | A | D |
| (b) | B | A | D | C |
| (c) | D | C | A | B |
| (d) | C | A | B | D |
Answer:
(b)
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