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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources.

Board CBSE
Textbook NCERT
Class Class 10
Subject Social Science Geography
Chapter Chapter 5
Chapter Name Minerals and Energy Resources
Number of Questions Solved 6
Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources

From the exam point of view, the students should be able to :

  • Understand the mode of occurrence of minerals Classify minerals as well as energy resources Identify the important minerals power resources
  • Trace the location of minerals and power resources and their uses and their distribution in India
  • Evaluate the need for the conservation of mineral resources
  • State the different methods used in conservation of mineral resources and differentiate between conventional and non-conventional power resources

NCERT Questions

Question 1.
How are minerals formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks?
Answer:
In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in the- cracks, crevices, faults or joints. In most cases they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten and gaseous forms are forced upward through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidify as they rise. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger are called lodes.

Question 2.
Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words: [2013]

(a) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
(b) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

Answer:

(a) Ferrous minerals

  1. These minerals contain iron.
  2. They provide a strong base in the development of metallurgical industries.
  3. Iron ore and manganese are important ferrous minerals.

Non – Ferrous minerals

  1. These minerals contain metals other than iron.
  2. They play a vital role in metallurgical, engineering and electrical industries.
  3. Copper, bauxite, zinc and lead are important non-ferrous minerals.

(b) Conventional sources of energy

  1. They have been in use for a long time.
  2. Except hydroelectricity they are non¬renewable and exhaustible.
  3. Generation of these sources is expensive.
  4. They cause air and water pollution.
  5. They are used extensively.

Non – Conventional sources of energy

  1. They have been recently developed.
  2. They are renewable and inexhaustible.
  3. They are the cheapest sources of energy.
  4. They are generally pollution free.
  5. They are used locally.

Question 3.
What is a mineral? [2009]
Answer:
A mineral is a homogeneous, naturally-occurring chemical substance with a definable internal structure, e.g., coal and petroleum.

Question 4.
Why do we need to conserve mineral resources? [2010]
Answer:
Conservation of minerals is needed:

(a) because they are non-renewable and exhaustible.
(b) because they are unevenly distributed.
(c) for sustainable development and for use by our future generation.

Question 5.
Describe the distribution of coal in India.
Answer:
In India coal occurs in rock series of two main geological ages, namely Gondwana, a little over 200 million years in age and in tertiary deposits which are only about 55 million years old. The major resources of Gondwana coal, which are metallurgical coal, are located in Damodar Valley (West Bengal Jharkhand). Jharia, Raniganj, and Bokaro are important coal fields. The Godawari, Mahanadi, Son and Wardha valleys also contain coal deposits.

Tertiary coal occurs in the north-eastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland. Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Orissa produce 67 per cent of total coal. Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh account for 30 per cent of total coal production.

Question 6.
Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?
Answer:
Solar energy is a renewable source of energy unlike coal and petroleum. It has a bright future in India because of the following reasons:

(a) India being a tropical country has enough scope for production and utilisation of solar energy.
(b) It is pollution free and ecofriendly. It can be used for sustainable development.
(c) In rural areas, it is used for cooking, heating of water, lighting of homes and streets, etc. Hence, is becoming popular there.
(d) It will minimise the dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes, which in turn will contribute to environmental conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture.

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